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Conflict and Reconstruction in Multiethnic Societies Proceedings of a Russian-American Workshop (2003) / Chapter Skim
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A Typology of Identity Conflicts for Comparative Research
Pages 86-92

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From page 86...
... Walker University of California at Berkeley s background for discussions about a research agenda for comparative studies of identity conflicts, it is useful to consider a broad ty~ pology of conflicts, a range of conflicts in the former Soviet space that might be included in comparative studies, and the expanse of relevant literature. It is not expected that the eventual research will cover all this range of topics and conflicts.
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From page 87...
... It is sometimes hypothesized that conflicts are less likely to become violent if those pressing grievances can take advantage of the following: free elections; free press (though propagandistic media may incite violence) ; free assembly and expression; traditional conflict resolution methods, for example, intertribal councils; political representation; and effective legal recourse against violence, discrimination, and slander.
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From page 88...
... The violent manifestations, ordered roughly from most to least extensive, include organized large-scale warfare; guerilla warfare; ethnic cleansing and forced migration; riots and other mass civil disturbances, either spontaneous or planned, for example, pogroms; and isolated incidents of small-scale violence, such as attacks on individuals or businesses. The variety of nonviolent manifestations of identity conflict includes protests; electoral polarization on identity-group lines; creation of civil society organizations that express political agendas on identity lines, for example, newspapers, identity-defined civic organizations; and complaints in the legal system.
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From page 89...
... Normative change strategies involve the application of international norms, such as human rights, to conflicts that might otherwise be addressed only by local- and national-level institutions. Modeling Process in Identity Conflicts It is important for research to pay attention to the variety and fluidity of ways identity conflicts are defined.
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From page 90...
... Others focus on the termination of conflict and a concern with stable peace agreements, arguing that conflict termination is hindered by security dilemmas and spoilers (Walter and Snyder, 1999; Posen, 1993; Stedman, 1991, 1997~. The solution suggested is a power-sharing agreement ensured by a credible security guarantee from international actors.
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From page 91...
... Princeton: Princeton University Press. Brown, M
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From page 92...
... Adelphi Paper 320. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
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Key Terms

  • civil wars
  • civil war
  • international security
  • ethnic conflict
  • conflict resolution

  • contextual factors
  • political science
  • identity markers
  • policy tools
  • american political

  • comparative studies
  • peacekeeping operations
  • negotiated settlements
  • economic agendas
  • conference paper

  • science association
  • nonviolent manifestations
  • intervening variables
  • identity conflict
  • mass civil

  • treated analytically
  • soviet space
  • resolving identity
  • states institute
  • ethnic conflicts

  • peace agreements
  • power mediation
  • walker university
  • economic sanctions
  • stable peace


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