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From page 217... ... Index A Access to health care, see Assurance of service Accidents, see Injuries Accountability, 47 see also Levels of responsibility Addiction, see Smoking; Substance abuse Administrators and administration, 5 local, 84, 185, 189-190 state, 181 of super agencies, 124 see also Management; State health officers Adolescents, 95 pregnancy, 24-25 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 166 Aging and aged persons, 30-31 see also Medicare AIDS, 20-21, 52 American Medical Association stance, s federal role, 123 fiscal implications, 70 intravenous drug use and, 29 mandatory testing, 119 public health response, 132-135 research response, 126-127 state agency educational actions, 95, 97 217 Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, 167, 191 Alcoholism, 28-29, 95 Alzheimer's disease, 30-31 American Medical Association stance on AIDS, 5 Assessment, 118 of AIDS problem, 133 epidemiology and surveillance, 113-114 government role, 7, 44, 80, 140-141, 143, 145 by state and local government, 49, 82, 87-91, 143, 176-177, 181 Assurance of service, 8, 45-47, 80, 94-98, 152 AIDS patients, 134-135 government role, 140, 142, 144, 145 indigents, care of, 13, 21-23, 46, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 109-110 as local agency responsibility, 78, 144 and public health as problem-solving, 117-119 state agency role, 179, 181 Automobiles, 23 B Bacteriology, 63-65 Basic services, 37, 53-54, 143 Read the entire page →
From page 218... ... , 120 Communicable diseases bacteriology and, 63-65 federal responsibility in control of, 9 legislation on, 10 see also Epidemics; and specific diseases Community-based action, 11, 13, 53, 111, 114 leadership and, 122 Model Standards: A Guide for Community Preventive Health Services, 11, 13, 53, 114, 115, 118, 149 Community Mental Health Centers, 111 Congressional committees, 191-192 Constitutional law, 48, 49-50, 51, 77, 172 Cost containment, 70 Cost of health care, see Spending for health care INDEX Counties, see Local governments; Local health agencies Court proceedings, McCulloch vs. Maryland, 49 Crises in public health AIDS, 20-21, 52 financial problems, 69-70, 131-132 governmental response to, 45 indigents, care of, 13, 21-23, 46, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 109-110, 123-123 pollution, 29-30 D Decision-making, 4-5, 107 see also Policy development Definitional issues, 36, 37-42, 66, 73-74 Dementia, see Alzheimer's disease Demography of study states, 75, 101 see also Epidemiology Department of Agriculture, 192, 193 Department of Defense, 193 Department of Education, 192 Department of Health and Human Services budget, 170 structure and function, 166-172, 193 Department of the Interior, 193 Departments of health, state-level, 147 directors of, 148 Diagnostic tests, 64 AIDS, 119 Disease early conceptualization of, 57, 59 see also Chronic diseases; Communicable diseases; Epidemics; Epidemiology; and specific diseases Dix, Dorothea, 62 Doctors, see Physicians Dropouts, and teen pregnancy, 24 Drug abuse, see Alcoholism; Substance abuse E Economics of health care, see Fiscal issues; Funding; Spending for health care Education Read the entire page →
From page 219... ... INDEX see Dropouts; Health education; Information dissemination; Professional education Elderly, see Aging and aged persons Environmental health, 8, 9, 12, 51, 192 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 166 local spending, 189 organizational issues, 123-124, 150-151 state-level organization, 82, 95, 110-111, 175, 196, 197 state spending, 181 water pollution and purification, 29, 58, 63, 65 see also Sanitation; Toxic substances Environmental Protection Agency, 192 Epidemics, 51, 57, 61-62, 98 urbanization and, 58-59 see also AIDS; Plague Epidemiology agency responsibilities, 7, 173 AIDS, 20-21, 29 Centers for Disease Control, 129, 166 in definition of public health, 41 high blood pressure, 25 mental illness, 111-112 Europe, early public health measures, 57 Evaluation, see Assessment Expertise distribution across health jurisdictions, 129-130 knowledge base and public health action, 126-127 political process and, 4-5, 119 see also Technical assistance F Family planning, 95 and teen pregnancy, 25 Federal government block grants, 68-69, 70, 80, 169, 171, 189 categorical grants, 169, 171 early activities, 66-67 funding of local programs, 69, 101, 102, 188, 189 funding of state programs, 15, 48-50, 156, 169, 179, 180-181 219 intergovernmental and interorganiza tional relationships, 98-100, 107, 125-126, 169 leadership role, 120-121, 166 Marine Hospital Service, 62, 67 Model Standards: A Guide for Commu nity Preventive Health Services, 11, 13, 53, 114, 115, 118, 149 national public health system, role in, 79, 165-172 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation, The, 107 1990 Objectives for the Nation, The, 53, 93, 114, 115, 120 organizational structure, 12, 150, 166-168 research role, 143, 169 resources and spending, 79-80, 170-172, 192-193 role of, 9, 47, 49-50, 67-68, 143-144, 165-172, 191-194 standards for health care, 11, 13, 53, 93-94 task forces, federal, 12, 150 see also specific federal agencies and de partments Fiscal issues, 15, 108, 156 crises during twentieth century, 69-70, 131-132 indigents, care of, 13, 21-23, 46, 87, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 109-110, 152-153, 123-124, 197-198 resources available to state and local agencies, 100-105, 178-183, 188-190 see also Cost containment; Funding; Spending for health care Food and Drug Administration, 166 Funding, 9 access to care issues and, 118 block grants from federal government, 68-69, 70, 80, 169, 171, 189 categorical grants from federal government, 169, 171 cuts, effects on state and local programs, 104, 180-181, 190 distribution problems, 131-132 federal support of local programs, 69, 101, 102, 188-189 federal support of state programs, 15, 48-50, 80, 101, 156, 179-181 local agency sources, 15, 156, 189-190 Read the entire page →
From page 220... ... 220 state agency sources, 180 state support of local programs, 15, 156, 189-190 Future of Public Health, Committee for the Study of the methodology of study, 1-2, 74-77 recommendations of, 6-18, 31-33, 139-159 state study findings summarized, 77-105 G General Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population of Great Britain, 59-60 Government intergovernmental and interorganizational relationships, 98-100, 107, 125-126 role in public health, 7-8, 36-37, 42-48, 140-142 see also Federal government; Local governments; Local health agencies; State governments; State health agencies Griscom, John, 61 H Hazardous substances, see Toxic substances Health Care Financing Administration 167, 168-169, 170 Health departments state-level departments, early development, 61 state medical associations and, 5 variety of roles, 3-5 Health education on AIDS, 21, 95, 97 efficacy, 113 public information dissemination, 7, 13 safety, 23 state agencies and, 82, 95 Health officers, see Local health officers; State health officers Health promotion, 112- 113 in definition of public health, 40 by federal authorities, 66-67 by local and state authorities, 66, 91 INDEX Health Resources and Services Administration, 166-167 High blood pressure, 25-26 stroke deaths, 27 Hill, Herbert, 65 History of public health, 3, 35, 40, 51, 53, 56-71 early, 57 eighteenth century, 57-58 nineteenth century, 58-65 twentieth century, 65-70 Hospitals first voluntary, 57-58 indigent and uninsured, care of, 22-23, 95-96 for mentally ill, 58, 62 House of Representatives, committees, 191-192 Hypertension, see High blood pressure Indigents, care of committee recommendations, 13, 152-153 Poor Law, 57-58, 59, 62 state and agency provisions, 87, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 109-110, 123-124, 197-198 status, 21-23, 46 Individual rights versus public health, 42-43, 71, 96-97, 130 Infectious diseases, see Bacteriology; Communicable diseases; Epidemics; and specific diseases Information dissemination, 7, 13 Injuries, 23-24 Institute of Medicine, 1-2 Insurance, care of uninsured, 13, 22-23. 153, 160 Intravenous drug use and AIDS, 29, 92, 95 Issues in public health current status of, 1-6, 19, 73-74, 77-105, 135, 165-200 definition of, 36, 37-42, 66, 73-74 history, 3, 35, 40, 51, 53, 56-71 impediments, 113-119 problem-solving, 107-135 recommendations of committee, 31-33, 139-159 Read the entire page →
From page 221... ... , public health in, 58, 59-60 M Management, 155-156 personnel, 14-15 salaries of public health managers, 155 tasks of public health managers, 130-131 see also Administrators and administration; Local health officers; State health officers Manpower, 127-129 Health Resources and Services Administration, 166-167 local staffing, 190 nurses as state agency staff, 103 state staffing, 103, 181-183, 184 Marine Hospital Service, 62, 67 Market forces, 46 Massachusetts, nineteenth century, 58-59, 60-61, 63-64, 66 Massachusetts Board of Public Health, 63 McCulloch vs. Maryland, 49 Medicaid, 10, 13, 68, 70, 153 administration of, 167-168 budget, 170 expenditures, 79, 80, 193 refusal of service to recipients, 96, 117 state agencies and, 83, 110, 197-198 and uninsured persons, 22 Medicare, 68, 70 administration of, 167-168 budget, 170 expenditures, 79, 80, 193 Medical associations and societies, 5, 71, 121-122 Medical professionals private practitioners and public health, 5-6, 14, 121-122 see also Physicians Mental health, 111-112 Read the entire page →
From page 222... ... , 199-200 (local) policy development and, 115-116 recommendations, general, 146 special linkages, 12-13, 150 state-level, 10-11, 81-83, 147-149, 173, 175, 195-199 super agencies, 124-125, 151, 173, 197 p Partnership in Health Act of 1966, 68 Pasteur, Louis, 63 Personal health care federal action, direct, 169 local spending, 189 national expenditures, 79-80, 169 state agency activities, 95, 97-98, 181 Pesticides, 29-30, 111 Physicians, 14, 51, 121-122, 190 as local health directors, 185 as state health officers, 83, 103 Plague, 57, 59 Planning, by state agencies, 91, 92, 175 Poisoning, see Toxic substances Policy development, 7-8, 14, 44-45, 53, 80 AIDS and, 133-134 decision-making, 4-5, 107 government role, 140, 141-142 local agency efforts, 92 problem-solving and, 114-117 schools of public health and, 16, 157 state agency role, 49, 91-94, 178 Political issues, 14, 154-155 expertise and, 4-5, 119, 120 Political philosophy, 46 individual rights versus public health, 42-43, 71, 96-97, 130 Pollution, 29, 58 see also Environmental health; Sanitation; Toxic substances Read the entire page →
From page 223... ... , creation, 67 budget, 170 role of Commissioned Corps, 120 223 structure and function, 166-167, 168 Public opinion, 108 of public health activities, 85-86, 129-130 public health system, effect of, 3, 4-5, 41, 42 Q Quality control, 8 local responsibilities, 9 state responsibilities, 11 see also Accountability; Standards Quarantine, 57, 58 urbanization and, 58-59 R Recommendations of the Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health capacity building, 13-15 education, 15-17 general, 17-18, 31-33 organizational structure, 10-12 special linkages, 12-13 specific, 6-10, 139-159 Report of the Massachusetts Sanitary Commission, 60-61 Research educational institutions and, 15-16, 128, 158 federal role, 143, 169 knowledge base development, 126-127 population-based problems, 14, 154 private supporters, 195 schools of public health, role, 128, 158 state and local activities, 89, 176 state-level investment in, 6 Responsibilities, see Levels of responsibility Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, The, 22-23 S Salaries, of public health professionals, 15, 16, 86, 155, 174 San Diego County (California) , care for indigents, 46 Read the entire page →
From page 224... ... , 127 (research) assessment activities, 49, 82, 87-91, 176-177 boards and departments of health, 62-63, 63-64, 65-66, 185-187, 183-191 federal exclusion of, 121 first, 61-62, 63 funding of and by, 15, 48-50, 156, 179-181, 188-189 indigents, care of, 87, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 110, 197-198, 123-124 leadership within, 83-86, 173 Massachusetts, nineteenth century, 60-61 Michigan prenatal care, 46, 54 national public health system, role in, 77-78, 172-183 organizational structure, 10-11, 81-83, 147-149, 173-175 planning, by state agencies, 91, 92, 175 policy development, 91-94, 176, 178 research role, 154 resources, 100-105, 178-183 responsibilities, 8-9, 10-11, 48-49, 54 role of, 3-4, 143, 196-198 spending, 178-182 staffing, 103, 181-183, 184 standards development, 91, 94, 149, 176-177 statistical activities, 87-91 survey of six states, 74-77 (methodol ogy) Read the entire page →
From page 225... ... , 60 Sheppard-Towner Act of 1922, 67 Social Security Act, 68, 191 state responsibilities, 8, 143, 146, 172 on toxic substances, 30 Stroke, 27 Structure and organization of public health, see Organizational framework and structures Substance abuse, 28-29 intravenous drug use and AIDS, 29, 92, 95 see also Alcoholism Superagencies, for health and human services, 151, 173, 197 creation, 124-125 T Task forces, federal, 12, 150 Technical assistance, 153-154 federal and state, 14-15 see also Expertise Teenagers, see Adolescents 225 Tobacco, see Smoking Toxic substances, 29-30, 70, 111 Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Agency for, 166 Tuberculosis, 59 Typhus, 58 1 J Uninsured, care of, 13, 22-23, 153, 160 see also Indigents United Kingdom, 59-60 Urbanization, effects on public health, 58-59, 60, 64-65 V Veteran's Administration, 193 Virginia, public health law, 172 W Water pollution, 29 Thames (London, England) , 58 Water purification, 63, 65 Welfare services, 4, 193 superagencies, 124-125 Winslow, C Read the entire page →

From page 217...

... Index A Access to health care, see Assurance of service Accidents, see Injuries Accountability, 47 see also Levels of responsibility Addiction, see Smoking; Substance abuse Administrators and administration, 5 local, 84, 185, 189-190 state, 181 of super agencies, 124 see also Management; State health officers Adolescents, 95 pregnancy, 24-25 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 166 Aging and aged persons, 30-31 see also Medicare AIDS, 20-21, 52 American Medical Association stance, s federal role, 123 fiscal implications, 70 intravenous drug use and, 29 mandatory testing, 119 public health response, 132-135 research response, 126-127 state agency educational actions, 95, 97 217 Alcohol, Drug Abuse, and Mental Health Administration, 167, 191 Alcoholism, 28-29, 95 Alzheimer's disease, 30-31 American Medical Association stance on AIDS, 5 Assessment, 118 of AIDS problem, 133 epidemiology and surveillance, 113-114 government role, 7, 44, 80, 140-141, 143, 145 by state and local government, 49, 82, 87-91, 143, 176-177, 181 Assurance of service, 8, 45-47, 80, 94-98, 152 AIDS patients, 134-135 government role, 140, 142, 144, 145 indigents, care of, 13, 21-23, 46, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 109-110 as local agency responsibility, 78, 144 and public health as problem-solving, 117-119 state agency role, 179, 181 Automobiles, 23 B Bacteriology, 63-65 Basic services, 37, 53-54, 143

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From page 218...

... , 120 Communicable diseases bacteriology and, 63-65 federal responsibility in control of, 9 legislation on, 10 see also Epidemics; and specific diseases Community-based action, 11, 13, 53, 111, 114 leadership and, 122 Model Standards: A Guide for Community Preventive Health Services, 11, 13, 53, 114, 115, 118, 149 Community Mental Health Centers, 111 Congressional committees, 191-192 Constitutional law, 48, 49-50, 51, 77, 172 Cost containment, 70 Cost of health care, see Spending for health care INDEX Counties, see Local governments; Local health agencies Court proceedings, McCulloch vs. Maryland, 49 Crises in public health AIDS, 20-21, 52 financial problems, 69-70, 131-132 governmental response to, 45 indigents, care of, 13, 21-23, 46, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 109-110, 123-123 pollution, 29-30 D Decision-making, 4-5, 107 see also Policy development Definitional issues, 36, 37-42, 66, 73-74 Dementia, see Alzheimer's disease Demography of study states, 75, 101 see also Epidemiology Department of Agriculture, 192, 193 Department of Defense, 193 Department of Education, 192 Department of Health and Human Services budget, 170 structure and function, 166-172, 193 Department of the Interior, 193 Departments of health, state-level, 147 directors of, 148 Diagnostic tests, 64 AIDS, 119 Disease early conceptualization of, 57, 59 see also Chronic diseases; Communicable diseases; Epidemics; Epidemiology; and specific diseases Dix, Dorothea, 62 Doctors, see Physicians Dropouts, and teen pregnancy, 24 Drug abuse, see Alcoholism; Substance abuse E Economics of health care, see Fiscal issues; Funding; Spending for health care Education

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From page 219...

... INDEX see Dropouts; Health education; Information dissemination; Professional education Elderly, see Aging and aged persons Environmental health, 8, 9, 12, 51, 192 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 166 local spending, 189 organizational issues, 123-124, 150-151 state-level organization, 82, 95, 110-111, 175, 196, 197 state spending, 181 water pollution and purification, 29, 58, 63, 65 see also Sanitation; Toxic substances Environmental Protection Agency, 192 Epidemics, 51, 57, 61-62, 98 urbanization and, 58-59 see also AIDS; Plague Epidemiology agency responsibilities, 7, 173 AIDS, 20-21, 29 Centers for Disease Control, 129, 166 in definition of public health, 41 high blood pressure, 25 mental illness, 111-112 Europe, early public health measures, 57 Evaluation, see Assessment Expertise distribution across health jurisdictions, 129-130 knowledge base and public health action, 126-127 political process and, 4-5, 119 see also Technical assistance F Family planning, 95 and teen pregnancy, 25 Federal government block grants, 68-69, 70, 80, 169, 171, 189 categorical grants, 169, 171 early activities, 66-67 funding of local programs, 69, 101, 102, 188, 189 funding of state programs, 15, 48-50, 156, 169, 179, 180-181 219 intergovernmental and interorganiza tional relationships, 98-100, 107, 125-126, 169 leadership role, 120-121, 166 Marine Hospital Service, 62, 67 Model Standards: A Guide for Commu nity Preventive Health Services, 11, 13, 53, 114, 115, 118, 149 national public health system, role in, 79, 165-172 1990 Health Objectives for the Nation, The, 107 1990 Objectives for the Nation, The, 53, 93, 114, 115, 120 organizational structure, 12, 150, 166-168 research role, 143, 169 resources and spending, 79-80, 170-172, 192-193 role of, 9, 47, 49-50, 67-68, 143-144, 165-172, 191-194 standards for health care, 11, 13, 53, 93-94 task forces, federal, 12, 150 see also specific federal agencies and de partments Fiscal issues, 15, 108, 156 crises during twentieth century, 69-70, 131-132 indigents, care of, 13, 21-23, 46, 87, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 109-110, 152-153, 123-124, 197-198 resources available to state and local agencies, 100-105, 178-183, 188-190 see also Cost containment; Funding; Spending for health care Food and Drug Administration, 166 Funding, 9 access to care issues and, 118 block grants from federal government, 68-69, 70, 80, 169, 171, 189 categorical grants from federal government, 169, 171 cuts, effects on state and local programs, 104, 180-181, 190 distribution problems, 131-132 federal support of local programs, 69, 101, 102, 188-189 federal support of state programs, 15, 48-50, 80, 101, 156, 179-181 local agency sources, 15, 156, 189-190

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From page 220...

... 220 state agency sources, 180 state support of local programs, 15, 156, 189-190 Future of Public Health, Committee for the Study of the methodology of study, 1-2, 74-77 recommendations of, 6-18, 31-33, 139-159 state study findings summarized, 77-105 G General Report on the Sanitary Conditions of the Labouring Population of Great Britain, 59-60 Government intergovernmental and interorganizational relationships, 98-100, 107, 125-126 role in public health, 7-8, 36-37, 42-48, 140-142 see also Federal government; Local governments; Local health agencies; State governments; State health agencies Griscom, John, 61 H Hazardous substances, see Toxic substances Health Care Financing Administration 167, 168-169, 170 Health departments state-level departments, early development, 61 state medical associations and, 5 variety of roles, 3-5 Health education on AIDS, 21, 95, 97 efficacy, 113 public information dissemination, 7, 13 safety, 23 state agencies and, 82, 95 Health officers, see Local health officers; State health officers Health promotion, 112- 113 in definition of public health, 40 by federal authorities, 66-67 by local and state authorities, 66, 91 INDEX Health Resources and Services Administration, 166-167 High blood pressure, 25-26 stroke deaths, 27 Hill, Herbert, 65 History of public health, 3, 35, 40, 51, 53, 56-71 early, 57 eighteenth century, 57-58 nineteenth century, 58-65 twentieth century, 65-70 Hospitals first voluntary, 57-58 indigent and uninsured, care of, 22-23, 95-96 for mentally ill, 58, 62 House of Representatives, committees, 191-192 Hypertension, see High blood pressure Indigents, care of committee recommendations, 13, 152-153 Poor Law, 57-58, 59, 62 state and agency provisions, 87, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 109-110, 123-124, 197-198 status, 21-23, 46 Individual rights versus public health, 42-43, 71, 96-97, 130 Infectious diseases, see Bacteriology; Communicable diseases; Epidemics; and specific diseases Information dissemination, 7, 13 Injuries, 23-24 Institute of Medicine, 1-2 Insurance, care of uninsured, 13, 22-23. 153, 160 Intravenous drug use and AIDS, 29, 92, 95 Issues in public health current status of, 1-6, 19, 73-74, 77-105, 135, 165-200 definition of, 36, 37-42, 66, 73-74 history, 3, 35, 40, 51, 53, 56-71 impediments, 113-119 problem-solving, 107-135 recommendations of committee, 31-33, 139-159

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From page 221...

... , public health in, 58, 59-60 M Management, 155-156 personnel, 14-15 salaries of public health managers, 155 tasks of public health managers, 130-131 see also Administrators and administration; Local health officers; State health officers Manpower, 127-129 Health Resources and Services Administration, 166-167 local staffing, 190 nurses as state agency staff, 103 state staffing, 103, 181-183, 184 Marine Hospital Service, 62, 67 Market forces, 46 Massachusetts, nineteenth century, 58-59, 60-61, 63-64, 66 Massachusetts Board of Public Health, 63 McCulloch vs. Maryland, 49 Medicaid, 10, 13, 68, 70, 153 administration of, 167-168 budget, 170 expenditures, 79, 80, 193 refusal of service to recipients, 96, 117 state agencies and, 83, 110, 197-198 and uninsured persons, 22 Medicare, 68, 70 administration of, 167-168 budget, 170 expenditures, 79, 80, 193 Medical associations and societies, 5, 71, 121-122 Medical professionals private practitioners and public health, 5-6, 14, 121-122 see also Physicians Mental health, 111-112

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From page 222...

... , 199-200 (local) policy development and, 115-116 recommendations, general, 146 special linkages, 12-13, 150 state-level, 10-11, 81-83, 147-149, 173, 175, 195-199 super agencies, 124-125, 151, 173, 197 p Partnership in Health Act of 1966, 68 Pasteur, Louis, 63 Personal health care federal action, direct, 169 local spending, 189 national expenditures, 79-80, 169 state agency activities, 95, 97-98, 181 Pesticides, 29-30, 111 Physicians, 14, 51, 121-122, 190 as local health directors, 185 as state health officers, 83, 103 Plague, 57, 59 Planning, by state agencies, 91, 92, 175 Poisoning, see Toxic substances Policy development, 7-8, 14, 44-45, 53, 80 AIDS and, 133-134 decision-making, 4-5, 107 government role, 140, 141-142 local agency efforts, 92 problem-solving and, 114-117 schools of public health and, 16, 157 state agency role, 49, 91-94, 178 Political issues, 14, 154-155 expertise and, 4-5, 119, 120 Political philosophy, 46 individual rights versus public health, 42-43, 71, 96-97, 130 Pollution, 29, 58 see also Environmental health; Sanitation; Toxic substances

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From page 223...

... , creation, 67 budget, 170 role of Commissioned Corps, 120 223 structure and function, 166-167, 168 Public opinion, 108 of public health activities, 85-86, 129-130 public health system, effect of, 3, 4-5, 41, 42 Q Quality control, 8 local responsibilities, 9 state responsibilities, 11 see also Accountability; Standards Quarantine, 57, 58 urbanization and, 58-59 R Recommendations of the Committee for the Study of the Future of Public Health capacity building, 13-15 education, 15-17 general, 17-18, 31-33 organizational structure, 10-12 special linkages, 12-13 specific, 6-10, 139-159 Report of the Massachusetts Sanitary Commission, 60-61 Research educational institutions and, 15-16, 128, 158 federal role, 143, 169 knowledge base development, 126-127 population-based problems, 14, 154 private supporters, 195 schools of public health, role, 128, 158 state and local activities, 89, 176 state-level investment in, 6 Responsibilities, see Levels of responsibility Robert Wood Johnson Foundation, The, 22-23 S Salaries, of public health professionals, 15, 16, 86, 155, 174 San Diego County (California) , care for indigents, 46

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From page 224...

... , 127 (research) assessment activities, 49, 82, 87-91, 176-177 boards and departments of health, 62-63, 63-64, 65-66, 185-187, 183-191 federal exclusion of, 121 first, 61-62, 63 funding of and by, 15, 48-50, 156, 179-181, 188-189 indigents, care of, 87, 91, 95-96, 97-98, 110, 197-198, 123-124 leadership within, 83-86, 173 Massachusetts, nineteenth century, 60-61 Michigan prenatal care, 46, 54 national public health system, role in, 77-78, 172-183 organizational structure, 10-11, 81-83, 147-149, 173-175 planning, by state agencies, 91, 92, 175 policy development, 91-94, 176, 178 research role, 154 resources, 100-105, 178-183 responsibilities, 8-9, 10-11, 48-49, 54 role of, 3-4, 143, 196-198 spending, 178-182 staffing, 103, 181-183, 184 standards development, 91, 94, 149, 176-177 statistical activities, 87-91 survey of six states, 74-77 (methodol ogy)

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From page 225...

... , 60 Sheppard-Towner Act of 1922, 67 Social Security Act, 68, 191 state responsibilities, 8, 143, 146, 172 on toxic substances, 30 Stroke, 27 Structure and organization of public health, see Organizational framework and structures Substance abuse, 28-29 intravenous drug use and AIDS, 29, 92, 95 see also Alcoholism Superagencies, for health and human services, 151, 173, 197 creation, 124-125 T Task forces, federal, 12, 150 Technical assistance, 153-154 federal and state, 14-15 see also Expertise Teenagers, see Adolescents 225 Tobacco, see Smoking Toxic substances, 29-30, 70, 111 Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, Agency for, 166 Tuberculosis, 59 Typhus, 58 1 J Uninsured, care of, 13, 22-23, 153, 160 see also Indigents United Kingdom, 59-60 Urbanization, effects on public health, 58-59, 60, 64-65 V Veteran's Administration, 193 Virginia, public health law, 172 W Water pollution, 29 Thames (London, England) , 58 Water purification, 63, 65 Welfare services, 4, 193 superagencies, 124-125 Winslow, C

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Index Pages 217-225

Index
Pages 217-225