Learning from SARS Preparing for the Next Disease Outbreak: Workshop Summary (2004) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix E: Glossary and Acronyms
Appendix E: Glossary and Acronyms
Pages 324-338
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Algae a plant or plantlike organism of any of several phyla, divisions, or classes of chiefly aquatic usually chlorophyll-containing nonvascular organisms of polyphyletic origin that usually include the green, yellow-green, brown, and red algae in the eukaryotes and the blue-green algae in the prokaryotes.
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Angiotensin either of two forms of a kinin of which one has marked physiological activity and the other is its physiologically inactive precursor; a synthetic amide derivative of angiotensin II used to treat some forms of hypotension. Antibiotic chemical substance produced by a microorganism which has the capacity to inhibit the growth of or to kill other microorganisms; antibiotics that are nontoxic to the host are used as chemotherapeutic agents in the treatment of infectious diseases.
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Bronchoscopy the use of a bronchoscope in the examination or treatment of the bronchi. Cholera any of several diseases of humans and domestic animals usually marked by severe gastrointestinal symptoms: as a: an acute diarrheal disease caused by an enterotoxin produced by a comma-shaped gram-negative bacillus of the genus Vibrio (V.
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Dexamethasone a synthetic glucocorticoid C22H29FO5 used especially as an antiinflammatory and antiallergic agent. Diphtheria an acute febrile contagious disease marked by the formation of a false membrane especially in the throat and caused by a bacterium of the genus Corynebacterium (C.
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Gross Domestic Product measures the output produced by factors of production located in the domestic country regardless of who owns these factors.
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HIV disease the broad spectrum of opportunistic infections and diseases that occur in an individual infected with the human immunodeficiency virus. Human metapneumovirus a respiratory viral pathogen that causes a spectrum of illnesses, ranging from asymptomatic infection to severe bronchiolitis.
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Influenza an acute highly contagious virus disease that is caused by various strains of orthomyxoviruses belonging to three major types now considered as three separate genera and that is characterized by sudden onset, fever, prostration, severe aches and pains, and progressive inflammation of the respiratory mucous membrane -- often used with the letter A, B, or C to denote disease caused by a virus of a specific one of the three genera; any human respiratory infection of undetermined cause -- not used technically; any of numerous febrile usually virus diseases of domestic animals (as shipping fever of horses and swine influenza) marked by respiratory symptoms, inflammation of mucous membranes, and often systemic involvement.
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Nucleocapsid the nucleic acid and surrounding protein coat of a virus. Nucleophile a nucleophilic substance (as an electron-donating reagent)
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Pericardium of, relating to, or affecting the conical sac of serous membrane that encloses the heart and the roots of the great blood vessels of vertebrates and consists of an outer fibrous coat that loosely invests the heart and is prolonged on the outer surface of the great vessels except the inferior vena cava and a double inner serous coat of which one layer is closely adherent to the heart while the other lines the inner surface of the outer coat with the intervening space being filled with pericardial fluid. Peritoneal of, relating to, or affecting the smooth transparent serous membrane that lines the cavity of the abdomen of a mammal, is folded inward over the abdominal and pelvic viscera, and consists of an outer layer closely adherent to the walls of the abdomen and an inner layer that folds to invest the viscera.
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of small single-stranded RNA viruses that have an icosahedral virion with no envelope and that include the enteroviruses, rhinoviruses, and the causative agents of hepatitis A, foot-and-mouth disease, hand-foot-and-mouth disease, and encephalomyocarditis. Plague an epidemic disease causing a high rate of mortality; a virulent contagious febrile disease that is caused by a bacterium of the genus Yersinia (Y.
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that has numerous strains, forms syncytia in tissue culture, and is responsible for severe respiratory diseases (as bronchopneumonia and bronchiolitis) in children and especially in infants.
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, is usually communicated by inhalation of the airborne causative agent, affects especially the lungs but may spread to other areas (as the kidney or spinal column) from local lesions or by way of the lymph or blood vessels, and is characterized by fever, cough, difficulty in breathing, inflammatory infiltrations, formation of tubercles, caseation, pleural effusion, and fibrosis.
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"Post-Westphalian public health" describes public health governance that departs from the Westphalian template Yellow fever an acute destructive disease of warm regions marked by sudden onset, prostration, fever, albuminuria, jaundice, and often hemorrhage and caused by a flavivirus (genus Flavivirus) transmitted especially by a mosquito of the genus Aedes (A.
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APPENDIX E 337 DMEM Dulbeco's Modified Eagle Medium DNA deoxyribonucleic acid EINET Emerging Infections Network EPA Environmental Protection Agency ERGIC endoplasmic-reticulum-golgi-intermediate compartment FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FASS FailSafe Air Safety Systems FDA Food and Drug Administration FCoV Group I Feline CoV FDI foreign direct investment FECoV feline enteric peritonitis virus FIPV feline infectious peritonitis virus GDP gross domestic product GHG global health governance GOARN Global Alert and Response Network GPGH global public goods for health GPHIN Global Public Health Information Network HAART Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy HEPA high efficiency particulate air HIV human immunodeficiency virus IBV infectious bronchitis virus ICA intelligence community assessment IHR International Health Regulations IOM Institute of Medicine ITU International Telecommunications Union JCAHO Joint Commission on Accreditation of Health Care Organizations LPS lipopolysaccharides MAbs monoclonal antibodies MHV mouse hepatitis virus MoH Ministry of Health NGO nongovernmental organization NIAID National Institute for Allergy and Infectious Diseases NIC National Intelligence Council
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338 LEARNING FROM SARS NIH National Institutes of Health NIOSH National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health OECD Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development OIE Office International des Epizooties OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration OTP land transport PCR polymerase chain reaction PRCV porcine respiratory coronavirus PEDV porcine epidemic diarrhea CoV PHE public health emergency PRCV porcine respiratory coronavirus PROMED Program for Monitoring Emerging Diseases RNA ribonucleic acid RSV respiratory syncytial virus RT-PCR reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction SAIC Science Applications International Corporation SARS severe acute respiratory syndrome SCoV severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus SIV swine influenza virus SRP signal recognition particle TCID tissue culture infective dose TGEV transmissible gastroenteritis virus TIGER triangulation identification for genetic evaluation of risks TRD hotels and restaurants TRS transcriptional regulatory sequence UNAIDS Joint United National Program on HIV/AIDS USAMRIID United States Army Medical Research Institute for Infectious Diseases USDA United States Department of Agriculture UV ultraviolet UVGI ultraviolet germicidal irradiation VN virus neutralization WD winter dysentery WHO World Health Organization WPRO Western Pacific Regional Office of the World Health Organization
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