Advanced Energetic Materials (2004) / Chapter Skim
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5 Nanomixtures and Nanocomposites
5 Nanomixtures and Nanocomposites
Pages 24-27
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From page 24... ...
A small fraction of this DoD support (about 5 percent, or $8 million) is designated for the nanotechnology of energetic materials.2 Three DOE laboratories (Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Los Alamos National Laboratory, and Sandia National Laboratoriesy, the DoD laboratories and centers (mainly ARDEC, Army Research Laboratory fARLl, NSWC, the Naval Air Warfare Center tNAWCI, and Eglin Air Force Base)
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From page 25... ...
The materials and processes discussed in the presentations to the committee were primarily in the following areas: Nanometric fuels, which mainly involve the use of aluminum powder sized at less than 50 nm, although other reactive metals and alloys were not excluded; Passivation and coating of nanometric metal particles to eliminate, or at least reduce, the rate of aging due to reaction with air and moisture; · Sol-gel processing as a strategy for synthesizing and/or incorporating nanodimensional organic and inorganic materials in a supporting gel; and · The use of carbon nanotubes and nanoporous materials as a support or container for energetic materials and reactive gases. 25 Arguments in favor of the use of nanoscale energetic materials and fuels rely primarily on gains resulting from altered chemical kinetics rather than thermodynamics.
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From page 26... ...
This effort is being bolstered by attempts to passivate the aluminum particles by coating them with a polymer.4 Eglin Air Force Base has proposed an evaluation protocol for nanostructured materials, but it has been acknowledged that an understanding at the fundamental physical chemistry level will be needed to exploit these materials fully. In particular, the initiation and growth mechanisms, the solid-liquid-gas phase chemistry, and the detailed kinetics of nanoscale energetic materials remain unknown.
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From page 27... ...
Applications of nanoscale metal particles into formulations will rest heavily on achieving the long-term passivation of the particle surface without losing the benefits of the faster reaction rate. Recommendations Research efforts focused on nanotechnologies destined for energetic applications have a modest but justifiable level of support.
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