Partnerships for Reducing Landslide Risk Assessment of the National Landslide Hazards Mitigation Strategy (2004) / Chapter Skim
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7 A National Partnership Plan--Roles, Responsibilities, and Coordination
7 A National Partnership Plan--Roles, Responsibilities, and Coordination
Pages 81-97
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From page 81... ...
Consequently, responsibility for the problems posed by landslides and the solutions to those problems are widely shared among different levels of government and among different entities at each level. Recognition of this shared responsibility emphasizes the need for and role of partnerships in developing and implementing a national landslide mitigation strategy.
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From page 82... ...
The dilemma arises because federal officials have little direct control over the effectiveness of such local efforts and because in many instances, given other priorities and competing pressures, state and local entities are often unwilling or unable to take the requisite actions to reduce prospective landslide losses. This reluctance has been documented in a number of studies of state and local government hazard mitigation planning (e.g., Berke and Beatley, 1992; Burby and May, 1998; May and Deyle, 1998~.
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From page 83... ...
Partnership objectives should be defined in a manner to permit gauging progress with respect to key goals, while also allowing for innovation and necessary change. 7.2 RECOMMENDED PARTNERSHIPS Because the responsibility for mitigating landslide risk is so widely distributed, it is imperative that a national strategy be based on a set of partnerships involving federal, state, local, and nongovernmental entities.
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From page 84... ...
the general public and relevant professions Research · Research on process · Partnerships between universities partnership mechanics, monitoring and both governmental agencies techniques, loss and risk and other stakeholders. assessment methods, and mapping techniques · Guidelines development and outreach activities International · Sharing of research and · Bilateral agreements between partnership practices for addressing federal landslide coordinating landslide risks council and relevant entities in · Cooperative follow-up to other countries major international landslide events · Participation of U.S.
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From page 85... ...
There are several potential models for such coordination, including the Federal Geographic Data Committee, charged with overseeing the National Spatial Data Infrastructure; the Interagency Committee of Seismic Safety in Construction, charged with oversight of Executive Orders concerning seismic safety of federal facilities; and the National Earthquake Hazard Reduction Program, responsible for coordination of federal earthquake risk reduction programs. A federal-level landslide hazards reduction coordinating committee would consist of representatives from the major federal agencies that address landslide risks.
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From page 86... ...
4. Research partnership: Earlier parts of this report described critical research gaps encompassing aspects of landslide process mechanics, monitoring techniques, loss and risk assessment methods, and mapping techniques.
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From page 88... ...
7.3 OVERVIEW OF FEDERAL, STATE, LOCAL, AND NONGOVERNMENTAL ROLES The partnerships proposed here constitute the institutional frameworks for coordinating and carrying out a national landslide loss reduction strategy. Within these frameworks, federal, state, and local governments and nongovernmental entities have a range of roles and responsibilities.
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From page 89... ...
RO[E~ RESFO~1~S, ~~ COORD~N ~9 Me committee appreciates that the p~Ucabon of one agency might avoid being particularly prescriptive concerning We roles of other agencies' a Duly national strategy must nevertheless include a balanced description of the different roles. The committee's suggesUons for the roles and acOv1hes of key federal agencies ~1~1n me overall partnership ~ame~or~om an Ulustrative rather man comprehensive perspective are as follows:
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From page 90... ...
The USGS strategy proposal provides considerable information on the role that its Landslide Hazards Program, in partnership with state geological surveys, would play in a national mitigation strategy. The primary modification that the committee would suggest to the role proposed by the USGSis the addition of risk assessment, as an underlying principle guiding the prioritization of program activities, and the development and broad dissemination of landslide hazard risk assessment methods.
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From page 92... ...
Department of Homeland Security Federal Emergency Management Agency. Increasingly, it is clear that presentation of hazard information in terms of risks to people, risks to the built environment, and impacts on the social and economic spheres, can be an inducement to governments at all levels to take responsible action.
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From page 93... ...
At present, much of FEMA's landslide-related activity is focused on post-disaster cleanup activity following ground failure events. The committee's perception of FEMA's role as part of a national partnership is that it would place a much greater emphasis on landslide mitigation, including the provision of technical resources for the development of risk assessment methods, guidelines for risk assessments, and educational and other outreach materials concerning best practices for landslide loss reduction.
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From page 94... ...
As both an applied and a research organization, the USACE is envisioned as fulfilling a number of important roles within a national strategy, with particular leadership responsibility for engineered mitigation activities. The network of USACE districts and divisions will be important for technology transfer, to assist state and local government entities and other federal agencies with the planning and provision of engineering options to decrease landslide hazards.
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From page 95... ...
States have important responsibilities in addressing landslide risks for state properties, in promoting local adoption of appropriate landslide loss reduction measures, and in identifying and mapping landslide hazards. These roles include involvement of the following:
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From page 96... ...
emphasizes that for such maps to be effectively employed, state geological agencies must be proactive in providing technical assistance, education, and outreach programs for planners, geotechnical engineers, and others involved in risk analysis and loss reduction. · State highway departments: State highway departments, as part of the envisioned federal-state highway landslide risk partnerships, should continue and expand their activities in addressing landslide hazards affecting state highways.
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From page 97... ...
Like other nongovernmental stakeholders, professional associations and university researchers are envisioned as being active participants in the user and research partnerships. In addition, the Public Risk Management Association, the Nonprofit Risk Management Center, and the Public Entity Risk Institute have collaborated to establish the Risk Management Resource Center to provide information on-line to help local governments, nonprofit organizations, and small businesses manage risks effectively (RMRC, 2003~.
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