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Forging a Poison Prevention and Control System (2004) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 339-354

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From page 339...
... , 39, 90, 115, 275, 316, 317 126, 189, 195, 283, 292 toxicologists, 87 Hazardous Substances Emergency Accountability Events Surveillance System, 181, see also Quality control 198 government organizational assurance Alcohol use and abuse, 30, 99 structure, 10, 12, 282, 284-286 costs of, 29 poison control centers, 12, 13, 100, 107, deaths due to poisoning, 3, 28, 68 310, 311 definition of poisoning, 4, 45-46, 79 Poison Prevention and Control System incidence data, 68, 74 (proposed) , 273, 282, 284-286, Allergic responses, 4, 45, 46, 223, 294 308-309 American Academy of Clinical Toxicology, Accreditation Council for Graduate 83 Medical Education, 122 339
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From page 340...
... , 85, 114-115 certification of centers, 2, 15-16, 26, 84, committee methodology, 2, 26, 33 127-129, 130, 160 committee recommendations, 9, 305, cost-effectiveness/cost-benefit analysis, 309 137, 142-170 Department of Homeland Security, 134, definition of poisoning, 34-35 282, 285, 288, 298 ethnic diversity issues, 208 funding for response services, 14, 85 funding for centers, 312 Haddon Matrix, 203 historical perspectives, 83, 90, 91, 92, 97- historical perspectives, 85, 99 98, 100 poison control centers, 9-10, 25, 35, 37, incidence data, 48, 90, 91-92, 98, 184-190 85, 99, 100, 107, 114-115, 116, 127, public education efforts, 209, 210-212, 132-133, 278-282 219, 234 Poison Prevention and Control System quality assurance, 127-128, 130 (proposed) , 12, 26, 35, 37, 38, 309 telephone services, 113 Block grants, 14, 15, 92-93, 147, 148, 311 American Board of Applied Toxicology, 127 Maternal and Child Health Block American Board of Medical Specialists, 84, Grants, 11-12, 98, 276, 283, 285 128, 130 286, 308 American Board of Medical Toxicology, 83, Bureau of Labor Statistics, 299-300 128 Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, American College of Emergency 181, 198 Physicians, 83 American Medical Association, 80-81, 86, C 230 American Nurses Association, 230 California, 7, 31, 36, 113, 143, 214, 215 American Pharmacists Association, 80-81, Canada, 212 230 Case series studies, 119, 191 Animals, poisoning of, 110, 119, 144, 165, see also Medical examiners/coroners 186 Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries, 181, Animals, venomous, see Insect/snake bites 198 Anthrax, 25, 46, 99, 114, 132, 133 Center for Biologics Evaluation and Antidotes, 120 Research, 294 poison control centers, 112, 114, 116, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 134, 205, 213, 281 (CDC)
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From page 341...
... , 191, 310, 311 Health Programs, 33, 276 public education, 158, 163, 164, 166, Head Start program, 211 206 historical perspectives, 53, 81, 84, 87, 96, quality assurance, 158 99 staff, 136, 143-158 (passim) , 161-163, incidence data, 51-53, 55, 58, 59, 60, 64 170-171, 310, 311 death rates, 3, 50, 66-68, 74, 85, 86 telephone services, 143, 144, 152-155, lead poisoning, 120, 227, 228, 230, 276, 160 289, 290, 296 Poison Prevention and Control System legislation to protect, 23, 96 (proposed)
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From page 342...
... , 19 Micromedex, 91, 92, 113 see also Centers for Disease Control and organizational factors, general, 44, 309- Prevention; Food and Drug 310 Administration; Health poison control centers, 10, 11, 12-13, 25, Resources and Services 37, 90-92, 95, 98-99, 106-108, 117- Administration; National Center 118 for Health Statistics quality control, 129, 309-310 Agency for Healthcare Research and Poisindex, 91, 92, 113 Quality, 19, 180, 283, 294-295, 317 Poison Prevention and Control System Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (proposed) , 13, 16-17, 37, 39, 305 Services, 294 privacy issues, 17, 18, 112, 169, 192, 214- definition and classification issues, 16 215, 315 17, 314-315 Toxic Exposure Surveillance System, 6, legislation, national repository, 12, 309 17-19 (passim)
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From page 343...
... Emergency medical services (EMS) definitional issues, classification codes, see also Biological and chemical 50-51, 61, 63, 73, 74-75, 78-79, 99, terrorism 178-184, 186, 187-188 certification of specialists, 84 poison control centers, core activities, HAZMAT response, 112, 114, 126, 130, 10, 109 133 Dosage factors, 3 historical perspectives, 83-84, 92, 96 see also Drugs incidence data, 53, 54, 59-61, 65-66, 72, data sources, 184-185 73, 74, 75, 78, 179, 180 definitional issues, 4, 23, 43 National Electronic Injury Haddon Matrix, 202 Surveillance Survey (NEISS)
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From page 344...
... , 83, public education, general, 11, 93, 211, 87, 91, 92, 95-96, 97, 184 286, 313 poison control centers, 84, 87-90, 93, 94- research, general, 18-19, 90, 316-317 97, 122 Toxic Exposure Surveillance System, 17 historical perspectives, 81, 82, 84, 86 18, 90 Food and Safety Inspection Service, 297 Food poisoning, 297-298 definitional issues, 46, 51, 53 G historical perspectives, 80-81 incidence data, 66, 191 Gender factors, incidence data, 48, 51, 52, sentinel events, 118 55-60 (passim) , 63, 64, 68 Funding Geographic factors see also Research recommendations see also Population-based factors American Association of Poison Control incidence data, regional, 52, 53, 55, 56, Centers (AAPCC)
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From page 345...
... , 83, 87, 122 103-105 Health departments organizational factors, 84, 87-90, 93 local, 35, 114, 274-282, 289, 307 100 state, 35, 93, 133, 274-282, 289, 307 state government role, 86, 87, 88-89, Health Insurance Portability and 91-93, 98 Accountability Act, 17, 112, 169, telephone services, 81, 83, 88, 92, 94, 191, 192, 315 97, 103 Health Resources and Services regulatory issues, 80-81, 84-85, 87, 94, Administration (HRSA) 95, 96, 98 biological and chemical terrorism, 85, surveillance, 90 114-115 terrorism, 85, 99 committee study charge, 1, 2, 26, 305 toxic exposure surveillance system, 90, Maternal and Child Health Block 91, 92 Grants, 11-12, 98, 276, 283, 285- Home Safety Council, 206 286, 308 Hospitals and hospitalization, 8, 14, 306 poison control centers, 11-12, 15, 25, 35, see also Emergency medical services 39, 97 bioterrorism preparedness, 33 Poison Prevention and Control System committee study charge/methodology, (proposed)
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From page 346...
... , 40 emergency medical services, 53, 54, 59- public education materials, 224 61, 65-66, 72, 73, 74, 75, 78, 179, state public health departments, 180 linkage, 277 National Electronic Injury Insect/snake bites, 61, 62, 65, 66, 74, 131, Surveillance Survey (NEISS) , 4, 191 17-18, 48, 49, 65-66 Interagency coordination, 3, 26, 30-31, 35 public education, evaluation of 36, 39, 100, 114-115, 132-135, 165 impacts, 218 166, 172-173, 273, 276-278, 284, food poisoning, 66, 191 289 historical perspectives, 3, 30, 43-44, 48- committee recommendations, 6, 10-11, 75 (passim)
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From page 347...
... , 17, injury prevention directors, 12, 33 112, 169, 191, 192, 315 poison control centers, 84, 145 historical perspectives, 23, 24, 30, 31, 82 committee methodology, 31, 32, 33 Maternal and Child Health Block Medical examiners/coroners, 179, 193-194, Grants, 11-12 197, 199, 200, 273 national repository, committee Medication poisoning, see Drugs recommendation, 12, 309 MEDMARX, 197-198 Poison Control Center Enhancement MedWatch, 181, 197 and Awareness Act, 6, 14-15, 25, Men, see Gender factors 97-98, 101-105, 312 Methodology, see Epidemiology; Quality Poison Prevention and Control System control; Research methodology; (proposed) , 39, 312, 313 Surveillance Poison Prevention Packaging Act, 23, Micromedex, 91, 92, 113 94, 96, 204 Mine Safety and Health Administration, Local government 285, 299 health departments, 35, 114, 274-282, Minnesota Poison Control System, 189-190 289, 307 Minority groups, see Race/ethnicity hospital discharge data systems, 194
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From page 348...
... , 4, 17, 18, 32, 39, 47-48, public education materials, 221, 222 290-291, 315, 317 see also National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; National Hospital O Ambulatory Medical Care Survey; National Hospital Occupational Safety and Health Discharge Survey; National Vital Administration, 198, 285, 298-299 Statistics System Office of National Drug Control Policy, National Center for Injury Prevention and 282, 285, 288, 301 Control, 18, 196, 291, 316-317 Ohio, 215 National Clearinghouse for Poison Control Organizational factors Centers (NCHPCC) , 83, 87, 91, see also Accountability; Cost and cost 92, 95-96, 97, 184 benefit factors; Funding; Quality National Drug Intelligence Center, 300 control National Electronic Injury Surveillance committee charge, 2, 26 Survey (NEISS)
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From page 349...
... , 5, 7, 8, 12, 13, 35-36, pharmacists, 115, 212 38-40, 268-301, 305-306, 308-309 training, 6, 9, 99 Overdose, see Drugs physicians, 53, 112, 116, 212, 306 professional education, 37, 123-126, 167, 307 P public education, 205-206, 209, 212-213 recruitment and retention, 14, 159, 168, Packaging and labeling, 23, 30, 35, 80-81, 169, 170, 171, 172, 310, 311 84-85, 94, 95, 96, 99, 196, 203, 210, specialists in poison information/ 218 poison information providers, child-resistant caps, 84-85, 99, 106, 204, 123, 124-125, 127, 130, 143-145, 205, 210, 218, 287 153-155 Haddon Matrix, 202-203, 204 training of staff, 37, 123-126, 167, 307 imprint codes, 84, 89 volunteers, 124, 161, 172, 208 Poison Prevention Packaging Act, 23, Poison Prevention and Control System 94, 96, 204 (proposed) , 5, 7-8, 12, 269-301, Pharmacists 305-317 accessibility, 230 accountability issues, 273, 282, 284-286, American Pharmacists Association, 80- 308-309 81, 222 biological and chemical terrorism, 12, elderly persons, 99 26, 35, 37, 38, 309 historical perspectives, 80-81 Centers for Disease Control and poison control centers, 115, 212 Prevention (CDC)
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From page 350...
... , 13, 93, public education, 12, 15, 37, 39, 274 100, 108, 118-119, 124, 125, 136, quality control, 8, 13, 37, 270-272, 274- 157-158, 160-161, 171, 173-174, 275, 284-285, 305, 308-309, 313-314 311 regionalization of centers, 7-8, 10, 36-37, funding, 148-149 306, 312 Professional education, 26 state government role, 12, 273-282, 285- certification of professionals, 15, 123, 286, 309 127-128, 130 surveillance, 14-15, 37, 305 cultural competence, 11, 43-44, 113, 208 Toxic Exposure Surveillance System 209 (TESS) , 35, 309 educational materials, 221-231 Poison Prevention Council, 219 poison control centers, 6, 9, 10, 11, 15, Poison Prevention Packaging Act, 23, 94, 24, 25, 81, 83, 87, 107, 115-116, 96, 204 117, 118-119, 121-131 (passim)
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From page 351...
... cost factors, 158 cost and cost-effectiveness, 158, 163, public education, 206-209, 217-219 164, 166, 206 telephone services, 211, 217 educational materials available Poison Prevention and Control System from, 233-268 (proposed) , 8, 13, 37, 270-272, ethnic diversity and, 43-44, 113, 208, 274-275, 284-285, 305, 308-309, 210, 214-215 313-314 quality control, 206-209, 217-219 public education, 206-209, 217-219, 231 staff types and roles, 205-206, 209, 232 212-213 theoretical models state government role, 213-215, 234- Haddon Matrix, 115, 201-204 268 program development and Poison Prevention and Control System evaluation, 206-208, 214 (proposed)
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From page 352...
... 91-93, 98 Poison Control Center Advisory Maternal and Child Health Block Working Group study (1996) , Grants, 11-12, 98, 276 136-137 public education, 213-215, 234-268 poison control centers regionalization, 7-8, 10, 36-37, 88-89, cost-benefit/cost-effectiveness, 142, 93, 94, 142, 143, 306, 312 153-157, 170 websites, 234-268 used by, 118-120 Poison Prevention and Control System Research recommendations, 18-19, 39, 287, (proposed)
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From page 353...
... , 113 (SAMHSA) , 181, 182, 196, 229, call volume, 110, 143, 144, 164, 187, 309 282, 287, 293 committee recommendations, 9 Suicide and attempts, 3, 5, 27, 29-30 committee study charge, 2, 26 incidence data, 51, 61, 68, 71 core activity of poison centers, 14, 107Surveillance, 176-200 113, 116, 123, 125-127, 130, 307 see also Centers for Disease Control and cost factors, 143, 144, 152-155, 160 Prevention; Data needs; definition of poisoning, 4, 34-35 Incidence and prevalence; drug overdoses, 51, 61, 68, 71 Reporting; Toxic Exposure evaluation of, 211, 218 Surveillance System historical perspectives, 81, 83, 88, 92, 94, Agency for Toxic Substances and 97, 103 Disease Registry, 39, 90, 115, 126, incidence data, 52, 53, 55, 69, 70-71, 72, 189, 195, 283, 292 73-74, 94, 178, 184-190 Hazardous Substances Emergency race/ethnicity data, 208-209 Events Surveillance System, 181, national number, 25, 52, 55, 92, 97, 103, 198 113, 210, 211 committee recommendations, 9, 16-17, physician consultations, 53, 112 314-317 quality assurance, 127-129, 167, committee study charge, 2, 26 sentinel event reporting, 117-118, 188 data coding, 50-51, 61, 63, 73, 74-75, 78- 190 79, 99, 178-184, 186, 187-188 specialists in poison information/ definitions and classification systems, 3, poison information providers, 4, 176-177 123, 124-125, 127, 130, 143-145, historical perspectives, 90 153-155 overview and distribution of poisonings Toxic Exposure Surveillance System in United States, 43-79 (TESS)
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From page 354...
... , 27, 45-46 W poison control centers, 15, 38, 87, 107 108, 118-119, 122 Women, see Gender factors telephone services, 107-108 World Health Organization, 16-17 training of professionals, 15, 24(n.1) , 38, see also International Classification of 118-119, 122, 125 Diseases Training, see Professional education World Wide Web, see Internet
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Key Terms

  • control centers
  • poison prevention
  • public education
  • incidence data
  • telephone services

  • toxic exposure
  • exposure surveillance
  • definitional issues
  • committee study
  • chemical terrorism

  • control center
  • emergency medical
  • medical services
  • national hospital
  • child health

  • hospital discharge
  • care survey
  • block grants
  • education materials
  • study methodology

  • vital statistics
  • haddon matrix
  • prevention week
  • ambulatory medical
  • health statistics

  • drug abuse
  • injury prevention
  • discharge survey
  • hospital ambulatory
  • national poison


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