Skip to main content

Currently Skimming:

Appendix A: Glossary
Pages 189-206

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 189...
... Appendixes
From page 191...
... into plant cells. Allele One of the variant forms of a gene at a particular locus, or location, on a chromosome.
From page 192...
... Cell selection The process of selecting cells that exhibit spe cific traits within a group of genetically differ ent cells. Selected cells are often subcultured onto fresh medium for continued selection.
From page 193...
... CpG methylation A heritable chemical modification of DNA (re placement of cytosine by 5-methyl cytosine) that, when present in a control region, usually suppresses expression of the corresponding gene.
From page 194...
... The sample compo nents separate according to their relative volatil ity and affinity for the interior surface of the col umn and are quantified as they exit the column using various types of detectors. Gas chromatography-mass An instrumental analytical technique in which spectrometry (GC-MS)
From page 195...
... Homocystinuria An inherited disorder of the metabolism of the amino acid methionine; it is inherited as an au tosomal recessive trait. Homologous recombination Rearrangement of DNA sequences on different molecules by crossing over in a region of identi cal sequence.
From page 196...
... An instrumental analytical technique in which the soluble components of a sample are injected into a stream of liquid solvent pumped through a tube (column) packed with small retentive par ticles.
From page 197...
... An instrumental analytical technique in which a chemical compound is detected and identified according to the pattern of masses and abun dances of charged particles obtained when that compound is subjected to ionization in an elec tron beam or other ionizing conditions. Meiosis The special cell division process by which the chromosome number of a reproductive cell be comes reduced to half (n)
From page 198...
... , widely used as a selectable marker in eukaryotic cells. Northern blot analysis A technique used to analyze ribonucleic acid (RNA)
From page 199...
... In the context of an agricultural, or managed, environment, a plant population could be a field of plants -- typically of one variety -- but invari ably consisting of some plants of different vari eties and some different species. Plasmid A circular DNA molecule capable of replication in host bacteria.
From page 200...
... Recombinant DNA techniques Procedures used to join together DNA segments. Under appropriate conditions, a recombinant DNA molecule can enter a cell and replicate there.
From page 201...
... . Selectable marker A gene, usually encoding resistance to an anti biotic, added to a vector construct to allow easy selection of cells that express the construct from the large majority of cells that do not.
From page 202...
... Stromal cells Nonblood cells derived from blood organs, such as bone marrow or fetal liver, which are capable of supporting growth of blood cells in vitro. Stromal cells that make this matrix within the bone marrow are also derived from mesenchy mal stem cells.
From page 203...
... Toxicant Any substance or material that can injure living organisms through physicochemical interactions. Toxin A poisonous substance (of animal, mineral, veg etable, or microbial origin)
From page 204...
... Specifically, it is a tangled, fibrous mix ture of DNA and protein found within a eukary otic nucleus. Embryo rescue A sequence of tissue culture techniques used to enable a fertilized immature embryo resulting from an interspecific cross to continue growth and development, until it can be regenerated into an adult plant.
From page 205...
... Pronuclear injection The use of a fine needle to inject DNA into the nucleus of an unfertilized egg. Senescent cells Animal cells that have nearly reached the limit of lifespan (usually around 50 doublings)


This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.