Water and Sustainable Development Opportunities for the Chemical Sciences: A Workshop Report to the Chemical Sciences Roundtable (2004) / Chapter Skim
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2 Green Chemistry: The Impact on Water Quality and Supplies
2 Green Chemistry: The Impact on Water Quality and Supplies
Pages 11-18
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From page 11... ...
The source of the water crisis is simple but exceedingly difficult to address, water resources are finite and the population that depends on those supplies is increasing inexorably. Virtually all of the global environmental impacts attributable to this population growth have ties to or severe impacts on water resources: · Deforestation resulting from the demand for agricultural land, housing, and fuel · Loss of biological species in forests and in waters · Desertification, erosion, and salination of farmland from unsustainable agricultural practices · Pollution of fresh and marine waters, further depleting food sources · Introduction of persistent organic pollutants into the ecosystem Changing climate with as yet unpredictable changes in the hydrologic cycle having manifestations in flood, drought, sea-level change, and the spread of infectious diseases Among water issues facing the world today, land-based sources of water pollution are among the most pressing.
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From page 12... ...
The regulatory accountability for manufacturing new and existing chemicals with such incomplete safety analysis has become increasingly problematic for businesses and for the EPA. Safety concerns can thus be addressed through the use of alternative environmentally benign chemical substances.
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From page 13... ...
People across the world send their photographs out for processing each day, quite unaware of the major source of contamination that comes from photographic chemical developer simply dumped down drains. In the United States alone, the amount of photographic development waste adds up to about 1,200 million gallons of water containing 15 million gallons of developer and contaminants such as hydroquinone, ammonia, and silver.
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From page 14... ...
Another Presidential Green Chemistry Challenge Award winner Ondeo Nalco also uses this closedsystem approach. Ondeo Nalco used to be a chemical supplier for water treatment, including chemicals for corrosion, scaling, and bacterial growth.
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From page 15... ...
Adoption of the new antifoulant was also facilitated by the number of international regulations beginning to ban the use of tributyltin. Again, regulation coupled with effective chemistry tools has helped shipowners move to use of the more environmentally friendly alternative and eliminate the use of tributyltin.
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From page 16... ...
Another great advantage of the examples presented is the decreased water use, not only decreased water contamination. WATER AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT Donlar Corporation won another award for its polyaspartic acid (PAA)
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From page 17... ...
Hjeresen discussed ionic liquids. Early on in the development of ionic liquids, people considered them to be overall environmentally benign.
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From page 18... ...
Voluntary Versus Commancl and Control Jeff Pert, of Chicago Chem, commented further on voluntary approaches versus command and control. He briefly discussed how the 1990 Pollution Prevention Act essentially involved a voluntary action and represented an effort to make that shift happen.
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