Skip to main content

Currently Skimming:

1 Introduction
Pages 1-10

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 1...
... . Considerable attention has focused on measures that could be taken by the energy sector, but land use, land use change, and forestry activities have also been proposed as a means of moderating the effects of climate change, either by increasing the removal of greenhouse gases from the atmosphere or by reducing emissions.
From page 2...
... Schlesinger proposed several explanations for this residual sink, including carbon accumulation in the undisturbed terrestrial biosphere due to CO2 fertilization. Forests may also be growing back on previously deforested land or changing their distribution on the landscape in a way that replaces low carbon sinks with high carbon sinks.
From page 3...
... Schlesinger stated that the origin of this residual sink has significant implications and opportunities for policy makers. If the sink exists in forested or agricultural land and policy makers are concerned about global warming, the function of that portion of the biosphere (removing CO2 from the atmosphere)
From page 4...
... 4 TERRESTRIAL CARBON FLUXES FIGURE 1-2 The global biotic carbon cycle. All units in petagrams of carbon per year.
From page 5...
... is sequestered globally by terrestrial BOX 1-2 International Response to Rising Greenhouse Gas Emissions The international community is addressing the issue of rising greenhouse gas levels through the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and the Kyoto Protocol.
From page 6...
... For context a recent IPCC discussion of direct and indirect effects is presented in Box 1-3. Indirect human-induced effects were generally considered by workshop participants to result from environmental changes that could affect rates of photosynthesis, respiration, growth, and decay, such as elevated atmospheric CO2 concentrations, increased deposition of nitrogen, or changing weather patterns that result from human-induced climate change.
From page 7...
... Hohenstein highlighted several issues that motivated the development of the workshop on direct and indirect human contributions to Terrestrial Greenhouse Gas Fluxes. The risks of climate change, such as higher temperatures, changes in precipitation, increased climate variability, and extreme weather events, can result in significant impacts on agricultural and forestry activities; however, agricultural and forestry activities provide an opportunity to mitigate carbon fluxes through targeted land management.
From page 8...
... , which focuses not only on understanding the carbon cycle but on decision support and management issues as well. Therefore, the National Academies convened a workshop on September 23 and 24, 2003, to discuss the current state of scientific understanding on issues related to quantifying the direct human-induced changes in terrestrial carbon stocks and related changes in greenhouse gas emissions and distinguishing these changes from those caused by indirect human effects, natural effects, and past practices on forested or agricultural lands (see Box 1-4)
From page 9...
... 3. How terrestrial carbon stocks and related greenhouse gas emissions change over time as a function of indirect human-induced effects (such as CO2 fertilization, nitrogen deposition, and climate change)
From page 10...
... Following this introduction, which describes the context, motivation, and goals for the workshop, Chapter 2 provides a summary of three policy perspectives, focused on national and international activities related to quantifying and reporting direct and indirect human-induced effects on carbon fluxes. Chapter 3 summarizes the science base regarding direct, indirect, and natural effects on carbon fluxes.


This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More information on Chapter Skim is available.