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Appendix F: Glossary and Acronyms
Pages 309-317

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From page 309...
... lists numerous opportunistic infections and cancers that, in the presence of HIV infection, constitute an AIDS diagnosis. In 1993, CDC expanded the criteria for an AIDS diagnosis in adults and adolescents to include CD4+ T-cell count at or below 200 cells per microliter in the presence of HIV infection.
From page 310...
... CD8: A glycoprotein found especially on the surface of killer T cells that usually function to facilitate recognition by killer T cell receptors of antigens complexed with molecules of a class that are found on the surface of most nucleated cells and are the product of genes of the major histocompability complex. Cocci: A spherical bacterium.
From page 311...
... Efavirenz: An antiretroviral drug in the class of nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)
From page 312...
... : The name given to treatment regimens recommended by leading HIV experts to aggressively suppress viral replication and progress of HIV disease. The usual HAART regimen combines three or more different drugs, such as two nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs)
From page 313...
... At that time, there were about 61 low-income countries with a combined population of about 2.5 billion people. Malaria: An acute or chronic infectious disease caused by parasites of the genus Plasmodium.
From page 314...
... Nucleoside analogs may take the place of natural nucleosides, blocking the completion of a viral DNA chain during infection of a new cell by HIV. The HIV enzyme reverse transcriptase is more likely to incorporate the nucleoside analogs into the DNA it is constructing than is the DNA polymerase normally used for DNA creation in cell nuclei.
From page 315...
... Specifically, these drugs block the protease enzyme from breaking apart long strands of viral proteins to make the smaller, active HIV proteins that comprise the virion. If the larger HIV proteins are not broken apart, they cannot assemble themselves into new functional HIV particles.
From page 316...
... The immune defenses of healthy people usually prevent TB infection from spreading beyond a very small area of the lungs. If the body's immune system is impaired because of HIV infection, aging, malnutrition, or other factors, the TB bacteria may begin to spread more widely in the lungs or to other tissues.
From page 317...
... Virologic Failure: Based on U.S. Department of Health and Human Services guidelines, this is defined as detectable HIV virus in the blood after 24 weeks from initiating therapy or changing therapy.


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