Gulf War and Health Updated Literature Review of Sarin (2004) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix: Organophosphorus Insecticides
Appendix: Organophosphorus Insecticides
Pages 103-120
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From page 103... ...
GULF WAR AND HEALTH: VOLUME 2 CONCLUSIONS The committee responsible for GW2, reviewed the epidemiologic literature and concluded that there was limited/suggestive evidence of an association between chrome exposure to OP insecticides md two c racers non-Hodgkin's Iymphoma and adult leukemia. The committee also drew conclusions regarding the association between OP insecticides and a number of neurologic outcomes.
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From page 104... ...
phoma. Adult Leukemia Although specific and accurate exposure mfommation on insecticide use is difficult to ascertam m epidemiologic studies, most populations studied involve workers who use insecticides on a regular basis over the course of m my years.
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From page 105... ...
Four general types of necrologic effects were examined: peripheral neuropathy, neurobehavioral effects (assessed by symptom reporung or perfommance on validated neurobehavioral tests or battenes) , neurologic diseases, and sensory effects.
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From page 106... ...
evaluated did not find evidence of peripheral neuropathy. The other studies of peripheral neuropathy evaluated had some positive findings, but all had design limitations that weakened the validity of therr findings The GW2 committee concluded, from its assessment of the epidemiologic literature, that there Is inadequateRnsufficient evidence to determine whether an association exists between exposure to or insecticides and peripheral neuropathy.
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From page 107... ...
lion between exposure to or insecticides at doses sufficient to cause poisoning (the acute cholinergic syndrome) and long4term neuron behavioral effects assessed with neurobobavioral testing and symptom reporting.
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From page 108... ...
patient memory-, nirial-diyil leanting; noncomputerited S mat Ana dexterity test, pursuit aiming regression coefficients to compare controls, exposed provided from regression models 143 nonexposed titral Eight computer qutotty workers from administered N3 tests, same toter, tesponse General Health Quesoommaite, Subjective Memmy Questionnaire
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From page 109... ...
for NE performance, in testing which exposed Em motor performed better coned nation tests, dhwt tefetems) models involving edhmcity, age, grade level, height, weight used; no difference in alcoholic drinks, cups of coffee, hours ot sleep before testing Age, lifetime alcohol, smoking, computer familia city, educational level, ome of day of testing, first Iwtgttage; key ones included as covariates in mu ltiv ari ate analysis Pa tmers signif curtly worse in tests of motor, visuomotor skills.
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From page 110... ...
: initial Response rate, 14%: 20 male volunteer be tdwarestotr owners: initial response rate. t'Yc Bneylewiex.
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From page 111... ...
exposure nor conelated with reaction bnse OPs include Gronps similat in No signincwtt Limin d numbtr of NE dichlottos, sex, age, chwtges over n sts, sparse detail on metamidophos, education, spraying season some asptcts of medhods medhidadhion, tesidence, except inctnased pirimiphos-medhyl; comparison of errors in aiming some et tbam an s, gtonp n st; long-n rm syndheoc pyinOvroids. chttacn risocs effects of expostne diahiocatbaman s; (by ANOVA wtd ("gmnp factoff)
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From page 112... ...
spray laborers from farms, WHO NCT3 winhout men selected from matched on age, POMS, FSSQ; other deciduous ftttit farms edttcaiinmd status infonnation-pmcessing in South Aftica tests fm populations wide Games et ad" 226 migrant farm 1998 workers who had worked for at least 2 yet is in United Arab Emirates; 92 unmatched new term workers who had waned in fuming in Clobber comtty for at least 2 yet is 226 referents never Two N 3 tests: digit-symbol, occupationally aiming; questionnaire: exposed to pesticides, 30-day-recall symptom never handled checklist pesticides for domestic use: employed as domestic workers or in shops, of ces. Or industry Dcniell et Of 49 volmneer male 40 volmneer male Five N3 tests from NES 1992 apple orchard slaughterhouse in English, Spanish; pesticide applicators workers; 68% computer-administeted from Washington cunent y nonexposed State; three had tefetent subjects previous episodes of bad prim work pesticide poisomug pichug or Dimming crops, 27% used pesticides in past
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From page 113... ...
symptoms of di~iness, headache, pestlessness, sleeplessness dhan pefepems and did worse on dighsymhol tes5 aiming test; on p.gp.ssion wralysis, type of joh was sigmficwtt pp.dictm of symptmms fatm work also predicted low scopes on symhol test wtd aiming test, lower AChE activity AChE pp.dicted hipp~d vision Sttanfied hy No impottam Iwtgttage diffepences hetweon mefep.nce hecause applicators tord of differences in p.fep ms wepe educanonal level, found on odher factors preseason NE tests (when iangnage p ete ence consideped) ; acrossNE data ppesent on all subjects, not cases tord conttols septtately; cuttent exposupe; camrot septtate long-tetm from shott-tetm effects; no clear compttison of refepents or exposed; high alcohol use in all Cup~nt exposup.
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From page 114... ...
sorting (the acute cbolinergic syndrome) and long~term neurobehavioral effects.
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From page 115... ...
The GW2 committee found no casecontrol or coho t studies that specifically examitted the relationship between insecticide exposure and multiple sclerosis. Parkinson's Disease The six studies reviewed offered conflicting results about the relationship between in iecucides and PD.
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From page 116... ...
Of all ALS cases, 90 95% are sporadic with no known risk factors, and 5-10% are inherited. Although the etiology of ALS is unknown, some epidemiologic studies have suggested a relationship between lead exposure and ALS because toxic lead concentrations can produce symptoms snmilar to those of ALS (Kamel et al., 2002)
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From page 117... ...
The occupational studies reviewed used occupations as sun agates for exposure, but the committee was unable to delemfule whether exposure relevant to the Gulf War had occur ed. The GW2 committee concluded, from its assessment of the epidemiologic literature, that there Is inadequateRnsufficient evidence to determine whether an association exists between exposure to or insecticides and Alzbeimer's disease.
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From page 118... ...
. Looking at cumulative exposure, both as OP dips and total number of days of dipping the odds ratio adjusted for age, the nonadjusted odds ratios were elevated (OR, 1.15; 95%CI, 1.04 1.26 and OR, 1.13; 95%CI, 1.031.24 for number of days and OP dips, respectively)
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From page 119... ...
1998. Morhidity tmongfarm workers in adesettcmmtty in 'clanon to long-k tm exposme to peAicides.
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From page 120... ...
1995. Neumpsychological effects of long-tetm expotnte to orgmophosphates in sheep dip.
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