Emergency and Continuous Exposure Guidance Levels for Selected Submarine Contaminants Volume 1 (2007) / Chapter Skim
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of chemical substances in submarine air that will not cause irreversible harm to crew health or prevent the performance of essential tasks, such as closing a hatch or using a fire extinguisher, during rare emergency situations lasting 1-24 h. Exposures at the EEGLs may induce reversible effects, such as ocular or upper respiratory tract irritation, and are therefore acceptable only in emergencies, when some discomfort must be endured.
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It contains the EEGL and CEGL recommendations for the following chemicals of concern to the Navy: acrolein, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, hydrazine, methanol, monoethanolamine, nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and oxygen. The remaining chemicals will be addressed in the second report.
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A weight-of-evidence approach was used to select key studies, thus ensuring that selected data were consistent with the overall scientific database and incorporated what is known about the biologic effects of a chemical on pertinent organ systems. For derivation of the EEGL and CEGL values, the subcommittee followed basic guidance provided by the NRC report Criteria and Methods for Preparing Emergency Exposure Guidance Level (EEGL)
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In this report, the subcommittee makes recommendations for 1-h and 24-h EEGLs and 90-day CEGLs for the following chemicals: acrolein, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, formaldehyde, hydrazine, methanol, 3 NRC (National Research Council)
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In conducting its evaluation, the subcommittee found that few exposure data are available on the Navy's chemicals of concern or other chemicals. This subcommittee agrees with a previous NRC report, Submarine Air Quality5 and recommends again that "the Navy thoroughly survey various classes of submarines for trace contaminants and particulate matter" and that "monitoring on submarines provide complete analysis of submarine air and data on exposure of personnel to contaminants." Furthermore, if the exposure assessments indicate that certain chemicals pose problems (that is, concentrations are higher than 90-day CEGLs)
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unless otherwise noted. b Navy considers the guidance levels for nitrogen dioxide to be also protective of nitric oxide exposure.
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Several of the chemicals that the subcommittee evaluated for this report are sensory irritants. The derivation of quantitative environmental and occupational exposure limits for sensory irritants is fraught with difficulty because measures of the ocular and respiratory tract irritation experienced by human subjects are often considered subjective.
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