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Pages 173-186

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From page 175...
... 175 St. Petersburg, Florida, Dual Water System: A Case Study James Crook INTRODUCTION The city of St.
From page 176...
... 176 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING of customers. The dual water system currently serves almost 10,000 customers throughout the city, including more than 9,400 residential customers for landscape irrigation.
From page 177...
... ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA, DUAL WATER SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY 177 water treatment plants needed to be enlarged.
From page 178...
... 178 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING Water Reclamation Plants There are four water reclamation plants (WRPs)
From page 179...
... ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA, DUAL WATER SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY 179 each reclamation plant.
From page 180...
... 180 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING to differentiate them from potable water valve boxes, which are round. Several years ago purple became the standard color used to color-code reclaimed water pipes, valves, and appurtenances.
From page 181...
... ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA, DUAL WATER SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY 181 nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium requirements for horticultural and agricultural purposes.
From page 182...
... 182 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING TABLE 1 Florida Treatment and Quality Criteria for Reclaimed Water Type of Use Water Quality Limits Treatment Required Restricted public access area irrigation,a 200 fecal coli/100 ml Secondary & industrial usesb 20 mg/l TSSc disinfection 20 mg/l CBODd Public access area irrigation,e food No detectable fecal Secondary, crop irrigation,f toilet flushing,g fire coli/100 mli filtration, & protection, aesthetic purposes, dust 5.0 mg/l TSS disinfection control, commercial laundries, vehicle 20 mg/l CBOD washing, other usesh Rapid infiltration basins, absorption 200 fecal coli/100 ml Secondary & fields 20 mg/l TSS disinfection 20 mg/l CBOD 12 mg/l NO3 (as N) Rapid infiltration basins in unfavorable No detectable fecal Secondary, geohydrologic conditions coli/100 mli filtration, & 5.0 mg/l TSS disinfection Primary & secondary drinking water standards Injection to groundwater No detectable fecal Secondary, coli/100 mli filtration, & 5.0 mg/l TSS disinfection Primary & secondary drinking water standards Injection to formations of Floridan or No detectable fecal Secondary, Biscayne Aquifers having coli/100 mli filtration, TDS <500 mg/l j 5.0 mg/l TSS disinfection, & 3 mg/l TOCk activated carbon 0.2 mg/l TOXl adsorption Primary & secondary drinking water standards Discharge to Class I surface waters No detectable fecal Secondary, (used for potable supply)
From page 183...
... ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA, DUAL WATER SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY 183 TABLE 1 Continued SOURCE: Florida Department of Environmental Protection (1999)
From page 184...
... 184 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING day consecutive day peak distribution system demands stress the supply. The city addressed this problem by providing additional storage.
From page 185...
... ST. PETERSBURG, FLORIDA, DUAL WATER SYSTEM: A CASE STUDY 185 tion was restricted to one day per week.
From page 186...
... 186 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING SUMMARY The city of St. Petersburg operates one of the largest urban dual water systems of its kind in the world.

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