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From page 18... ... 18 Overview of Water Management in Iran Reza Ardakanian ABSTRACT At the present time, improvements in water resources management are being sought and implemented as part of the course of socioeconomic changes in Iran, including transformation in the structure of the national economic system and demand-supply mechanism for water. Changes also are being prompted by emerging issues resulting from regional and global water crises. Read the entire page →
From page 19... ... OVERVIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT IN IRAN 19 In the last century (since 1900) the population of the country has increased about six-fold. Read the entire page →
From page 20... ... 20 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING Fundamental Changes in the Economic System Existing information indicates that the increase in national economic production before the late 1950s was based on provision of minimum subsistence in society. Since the last years of the Third Development Plan of the country (1966) Read the entire page →
From page 21... ... OVERVIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT IN IRAN 21 It should be mentioned that the water resources management system has become primarily technology oriented (construction oriented) since the 1960s. Read the entire page →
From page 22... ... 22 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING Accordingly, annually about 130 bcm of water is accessible for people through precipitation and inflow currents across borders (total renewable resources) Read the entire page →
From page 23... ... OVERVIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT IN IRAN 23 flood control. Private investments have mainly occurred as disorganized and local efforts aimed at exploitation of groundwater or pumping of water from an adjacent river. Read the entire page →
From page 24... ... 24 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING Furthermore, about 124 consulting firms and 216 construction companies support the above sections. In the framework of sectional planning, the effective water resources management system has an influence on different social and economic sectors, and reciprocally these sectors leave their impression on the water management system as well. Read the entire page →
From page 25... ... OVERVIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT IN IRAN 25 Allocation of more water for urban and industrial uses, expansion of nonconsumptive uses of water resources (hydroelectric generation and recreational use of water bodies) , and cultivation of profitable agricultural products has led to increased economic value of water, enabling more capacity building for sustainable and economic use of water resources. Read the entire page →
From page 26... ... 26 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING • laws, regulations, criteria, and standards, • organizational improvement (coordination, cooperation, different specialization, and decision making processes) , • water allocation system, • personnel planning and management, • financial and economic management, • information systems and data banks, and • technological research and development. Read the entire page →
From page 27... ... OVERVIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT IN IRAN 27 Past and Present Factors Affecting Water Resources Management The following are conditions and trends that in the past and present have impacted the water resources management system and will continue to do so: • Population growth, rapid urbanization, and increase of per capita consumption of urban water have changed the proportion of water utilization in population centers. • Growth of industry and rapid industrialization of the country have caused an increasing proportion of industrial water consumption. Read the entire page →
From page 28... ... 28 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING • Treatment and reuse of urban and industrial wastewater. • Participation of local residents, users, and stakeholders in financing largescale water resource development projects. Read the entire page →
From page 29... ... OVERVIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT IN IRAN 29 TABLE 1 Baseline (year 2000) and Projected (year 2021) Read the entire page →
From page 30... ... 30 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING TABLE 2 Long-Term Policies and Strategies for National Management of Water Resources of Iran Policies Strategies A Establish a 1. Read the entire page →
From page 31... ... OVERVIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT IN IRAN 31 D Compile a 20. Read the entire page →
From page 32... ... 32 WATER CONSERVATION, REUSE, AND RECYCLING development, and makes use of a "national spatial strategy plan" based on natural water basins of the country. Read the entire page →
From page 33... ... OVERVIEW OF WATER MANAGEMENT IN IRAN 33 relative welfare of the population of countries of the region. It is worth mentioning that for commencement of the activities of RCUWM-Tehran and planning for the future, recently a contract has been established with UNESCO's Institute for Water Education (IHE) Read the entire page →

From page 18...

... 18 Overview of Water Management in Iran Reza Ardakanian ABSTRACT At the present time, improvements in water resources management are being sought and implemented as part of the course of socioeconomic changes in Iran, including transformation in the structure of the national economic system and demand-supply mechanism for water. Changes also are being prompted by emerging issues resulting from regional and global water crises.