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1 Introduction
Pages 20-32

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From page 20...
... This report focuses on the development of an integrated system for the use of one specific type of stem cell, the hematopoietic progenitor cell (HPC) , which is a multipotent stem cell responsible for the continual production of the diverse array of normal blood cells.2 HPCs can be obtained 1Pluripotent cells can differentiate into all cell types except those that make up the extraembryonic membranes (placenta, umbilical cord, and amnion)
From page 21...
... . Early research specifically into cord blood transplantation was based on the hypothesis that the immune cells in cord blood may be less mature than those in adult bone marrow or peripheral blood.
From page 22...
... The number of patient candidates for an HPC transplant is estimated to be 11,700 annually, of whom only 3,500 have an HLA-identical sibling donor. In an attempt to make HPCs more widely available to the large number of patients who do not have an HLA-identical sibling, large international volunteer bone marrow and peripheral blood donor registries were created in the 1980s (Beatty et al., 1988)
From page 23...
... . Alternatively, HPCs can be collected from peripheral blood through a process called leukapheresis after the administration of drugs to mobilize HPCs so that they move out of the bone marrow and into the bloodstream.
From page 24...
... 9Those banks are the American Red Cross North Central Blood Services in St. Paul, Minnesota; American Red Cross Western Area Community Cord Blood Bank in Portland, Oregon; Ashley Ross Cord Blood Program of the San Diego Blood Bank in San Diego, California; Bonfils Cord Blood Services, Belle Bonfils Memorial Blood Center in Denver, Colorado; Carolinas Cord Blood Bank in Durham, North Carolina; Children's Hospital of Orange County Cord Blood Bank in Orange, California; ITxM Cord Blood Services in Glenview, Illinois; J.P.
From page 25...
... No standardized search algorithm is available, and the level of HLA typing differs from registry to registry and between cord blood units and bone marrow donors. At present, transplant coordinators must often search multiple registries and banks to find potential adult donors or cord blood units for a given patient before deciding on the best graft source.
From page 26...
... NMDP, however, has a long-standing history of linking patients in need to the best possible stem cell match, initially from adult bone marrow or peripheral cells, but now its efforts have been extended to cord blood via member cord blood banks. It also has strong patient advocacy and education functions.
From page 27...
... to provide HRSA with an assessment of existing cord blood programs and inventories and to make recommendations on the ideal structure, function, and utility of a national cord blood stem cell bank program. The charge to the IOM committee is as follows: In response to Conference Report on H.R.
From page 28...
... display matches and must be able to monitor whether their units are listed appropriately. Source of Cord blood and adult donors Cord blood, peripheral blood, and Transplant compete as sources of stem cells bone marrow are complementary Material for hematopoietic reconstitution.
From page 29...
... error correction mechanism should be used. Data should be available to the wider research community to support the submission of peer reviewed journal article submission to professional scientific journals to expand knowledge of cord blood transplantation.
From page 30...
... ? IOM formed the Committee on Establishing a National Cord Blood Stem Cell Bank Program, which consists of experts in the fields of economics, HPC transplantation, outcomes analysis, biostatistics, stem cell biology, cord blood quality and standards, public health, health technology assessment, patient advocacy, ethics, and obstetrics and gynecology.
From page 31...
... 2002. Searching for unrelated donor hematopoietic stem cells: Availability and speed of umbilical cord blood versus bone marrow.
From page 32...
... 2000. Banked umbilical cord blood is an excel lent source of donor hematopoietic stem cells for infants with malignant and nonmalig nant conditions lacking a related donor.


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