Cord Blood Establishing a National Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank Program (2005) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Appendix D: Potential Nonhematopoietic Uses for Stem Cells in Cord Blood
Appendix D: Potential Nonhematopoietic Uses for Stem Cells in Cord Blood
Pages 208-220
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 208... ...
Goodell Associate Professor Center for Cell and Gene Therapy Baylor College of Medicine One Baylor Plaza, BCMN 505 Houston, TX 77098 ABSTRACT Regeneration of nonhematopoietic tissues using hematopoietic stem cells has been a focus of research over the past 5 years, with the hope that the application of bone marrow and cord blood transplantation could be greatly expanded. However, basic research in this area has been controversial, and many reports are contradictory.
|
From page 209... ...
cells and reports of the potentially broad differentiation capacity of adult stem cells. In particular, the differentiation capacity of hematopoietic stem cells (HSC)
|
From page 210... ...
, and the markers used to track BM progeny and the photomicroscopy evidence presented were not always equally persuasive. In addition, almost all of the initial studies involved transplantation of whole BM, leaving open the possibility that generation of nonhematopoietic progeny was derived from any number of cell types present in the BM, including potentially mesenchymal stem cells, differentiated hematopoietic cells, or conceivably tissue-specific stem cells "lost" in the BM.
|
From page 211... ...
. The caveat to all of these studies is that even these highly purified populations could have included multiple stem cells: some stem cells in the preparations could have accounted for the hematopoietic activity, while other stem cells, or impurities, could have accounted for the nonhematopoietic activity.
|
From page 212... ...
Bone marrow Stroma 0 [19] Mobilized peripheral blood Keratinocytes 0 [20]
|
From page 213... ...
, although for most tissues, no injuries were induced, which is thought to play an important role in recruitment and differentiation of stem cells. Mechanism of HSC-Derived Incorporation in Nonhematopoietic Tissue In the most recent studies using single transplanted HSCs, the mechanism of HSC-derived incorporation was also examined, and this has direct bearing on the potential therapeutic use of BM and CB for nonhemato
|
From page 214... ...
The HSC-derived cells are essentially donating a wild-type genome, via fusion, to the recipient tissue. In the case of the mdx mouse, rare muscle fibers, previously negative for the dystrophin protein (lacking in Duchene muscular dystrophy)
|
From page 215... ...
Skeletal muscle, for example, exists as a syncitium, and is postmitotic. Therefore, fusion of a nonhematopoietic cell into a muscle fiber is unlikely to cause deleterious events downstream, such as neoplastic transformation.
|
From page 216... ...
ARE THERE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN STEM CELLS IN CORD BLOOD AND BONE MARROW? There is a wide perception in the lay press, and even among scientists not expert in the field, that stem cells in CB are somehow more primitive than those in BM.
|
From page 217... ...
Adult hematopoietic stem cells provide functional hemangioblast activity during retinal neovascularization.
|
From page 218... ...
Dunbar (2002) Absence of donor-derived keratinocyte stem cells in skin tissues cultured from patients after mobilized peripheral blood hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
|
From page 219... ...
Robbins (2004) Haematopoietic stem cells adopt mature haematopoietic fates in ischaemic myo cardium.
|
From page 220... ...
Goff (1999) Bone marrow as a potential source of hepatic oval cells.
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.