Cord Blood Establishing a National Hematopoietic Stem Cell Bank Program (2005) / Chapter Skim
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3 Research
3 Research
Pages 56-74
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From page 56... ...
This low rate of GVHD related to cord blood transplantation allows for the use of partially human leukocyte antigen (HLA) -mismatched cord blood units.
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From page 57... ...
Research that may improve the effectiveness of cord blood transplantation for the treatment of a variety of conditions is ongoing, including: nonmyeloblative regimens; the use of ex vivo expansion to increase the numbers of HPCs and the development of new approaches to the acceleration of immune recovery; the use of multiple units in transplantation; the coinfusion of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) ; and facilitation of the upregulation of homing receptors.
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From page 58... ...
Together, the results indicate that cord blood transplantation after a nonmyeloablative therapy can be associated with a high probability of chimerism, indicating that the alloreactive response of cord blood lymphocytes is sufficient for engraftment and a low incidence of treatment-related mortality despite older age. Ex Vivo Expansion of Cord Blood Derived Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Due to the relatively low volumes of cord blood typically collected, researchers have been interested in developing approaches to increase the volume ex vivo prior to transplant.
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From page 59... ...
One strategy to overcome the limitation of cell dose is infusion of multiple units of partially HLA-matched cord blood from different donors. Literature review reveals the prior use of multiple cord blood units in the treatment of malignancy as early as the 1970s (Ende and Ende, 1972; Shen et al., 1994; Weinreb et al., 1998; Barker et al., 2001; De Lima et al., 2002)
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From page 60... ...
This approach may represent another important clinical strategy for obtaining an earlier transient wave of longterm neutrophil recovery with hematopoiesis derived from a single cord blood unit. Coinfusion of Mesenchymal Stem Cells MSC are multipotent stem cells capable of self-renewal and differentiation into multiple cell lines (Pittenger et al., 1999; Deans and Moseley, 2000)
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From page 61... ...
Upregulation of Homing Receptors Research has shown that one of the reasons for delayed hematopoietic reconstitution after HPC transplantation may be the disadvantageous transmigratory behavior of HPCs from cord blood. Short-term treatment with recombinant human stem cell factor (rHuSCF)
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From page 62... ...
Bone marrow transplantation is the only fully proven treatment. However, bone reabsorption has been achieved with cord blood transplantation.
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From page 63... ...
Sanfillippo Morquio · Maroteaux-Lamy · Lesch-Nyhan syndrome (X-linked) Umbilical Cord Blood as Effector Cells More recently, there has been increasing interest in the immune cell populations present in cord blood as a potential source of cells for adaptive immune therapy.
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From page 64... ...
After the rats received a bone marrow transplant, donor nuclei were found in the skeletal muscles at very low frequencies. Similar studies found that donor-derived cells could also be found in heart, liver, gastrointestinal, and neural tissues.
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From page 65... ...
have described the present potential for reconstructing human cardiac cells from bone marrow, peripheral blood, and cord blood. They described a study in which cord blood stem cells were treated with vascular endothelial growth factor and basic fibroblast growth factor and noted the formation of capillary-like tubes.
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From page 66... ...
(2004) indicated that the study of cardiac stem cell precursors in human cord blood and bone marrow will lead to a better understanding of the biology of human cardiac cell differentiation, in addition to providing practical applications.
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From page 67... ...
Recent reports (AFP, 2004) from Korea, however, indicate that cord blood transplantation may have promising applications in humans with spinal cord injury.
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From page 68... ...
(2004) analyzed the capacity of human bone marrow- and cord blood-derived progenitor cells to generate gastrointestinal epithelial cells.
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From page 69... ...
1990. Prenatal identification of potential donors for umbilical cord blood transplantation for Fanconi anemia.
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2003. Rapid and complete donor chimerism in adult recipients of unrelated donor umbilical cord blood transplantation after reduced-intensity conditioning.
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2000. Combined umbilical cord blood and bone marrow transplantation in the treat ment of beta-thalassemia major.
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2003. Related umbilical cord blood transplantation in patients with thalassemia and sickle cell disease.
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From page 73... ...
2003. Human umbilical cord blood stem cells infusion in spinal cord injury: Engraftment and beneficial influence on behavior.
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From page 74... ...
2003. Ex vivo manipulation of umbilical cord blood-derived hematopoietic stem/progenitor cells with recombinant human stem cell factor can up-regulate levels of homing-essential molecules to increase their transmigra tory potential.
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