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Appendix E Characteristics of Doctorates
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From page 157... ... Appendix E Characteristics of Doctorates 157 Read the entire page →
From page 158... ... 158 APPENDIX E TABLE E-1 Characteristics of Doctorates in the Biomedical Sciences, 1973�2003 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Total Doctorates 2,882 3,132 3,116 3,135 3,013 3,085 3,150 3,050 3,118 3,212 Males 2,420 2,572 2,530 2,474 2,340 2,347 2,424 2,351 2,311 2,351 Females 462 560 586 661 673 738 726 699 807 861 Citizens 2,385 2,591 2,573 2,582 2,381 2,556 2,610 2,528 2,628 2,738 Permanent residents 160 198 215 231 209 194 165 169 147 133 Temporary residents 312 266 256 253 283 256 277 261 259 253 Unknown 25 77 72 69 140 79 98 92 84 88 Minorities 2 1 3 80 84 86 80 78 108 79 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 1,008 1,016 965 1,000 863 1,102 1,176 1,212 1,313 1,314 Postdoctoral research 317 389 402 435 505 536 503 528 535 500 Postdoctoral traineeship 64 84 83 46 39 54 56 69 75 100 Other training 78 89 148 160 173 199 202 157 163 213 Total postdoctorates 1,467 1,578 1,598 1,641 1,580 1,891 1,937 1,966 2,086 2,127 Percent planning 52.8% 54.0% 55.1% 55.9% 57.5% 65.0% 65.9% 68.5% 71.5% 70.4% Employment 1,246 1,275 1,246 1,236 1,113 968 962 880 809 877 Other 63 70 59 61 54 49 42 25 24 17 Ph.D. with plans 2,776 2,923 2,903 2,938 2,747 2,908 2,941 2,871 2,919 3,021 Time to degree 5.92 6 6 6.17 6.17 6 6.17 6.25 6.33 6.41 Registered time to degree 5.41 5.42 5.67 5.75 5.67 5.59 5.75 5.75 5.91 5.91 Age at time of degree 28.92 29 29.42 29.58 29.42 29.25 29.25 29.34 29.38 29.41 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total Doctorates 3,465 3,769 3,793 3,992 4,294 4,442 4,794 4,863 5,079 5,366 Males 2,214 2,377 2,348 2,477 2,655 2,740 2,864 2,887 2,955 3,102 Females 1,251 1,392 1,445 1,515 1,639 1,702 1,930 1,976 2,124 2,264 Citizens 2,670 2,858 2,850 2,899 3,050 3,072 3,264 3,203 3,278 3,291 Permanent residents 153 176 173 183 210 240 296 641 831 801 Temporary residents 455 515 570 814 987 1,078 1,165 980 918 1,173 Unknown 187 220 200 96 62 66 98 57 73 121 Minorities 128 123 135 135 159 162 190 223 243 246 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 1,470 1,650 1,652 1,766 1,900 2,011 2,243 2,234 2,358 2,380 Postdoctoral research 657 704 679 811 879 894 940 968 994 1,031 Postdoctoral traineeship 75 81 65 76 87 81 99 111 107 115 Other training 217 216 260 233 294 307 332 313 346 406 Total postdoctorates 2,419 2,651 2,656 2,886 3,160 3,293 3,614 3,626 3,805 3,932 Percent planning 74.9% 75.8% 75.1% 77.0% 77.0% 77.2% 78.6% 78.1% 7.9% 77.7% Employment 776 815 856 820 902 936 939 974 963 1,077 Other 36 32 27 43 40 35 45 40 48 52 Ph.D. Read the entire page →
From page 160... ... 15,571 8,854 9,170 5,952 6,446 5,673 6,644 6,149 45.3% 22.3% 21.1% 12.2% 12.1% 10.0% 10.7% 9.3% Academic postdoctorates 1,713 2,615 3,507 4,358 4,722 4,405 4,450 4,784 5.0% 6.6% 8.1% 9.0% 8.8% 7.8% 7.2% 7.3% Other academic appointments 1,572 1,706 1,810 3,092 3,575 3,882 4,403 4,963 4.6% 4.3% 4.2% 6.4% 6.7% 6.9% 7.1% 7.5% Industry (nonpostdoctorate) 4,470 5,273 5,543 6,286 7,881 9,589 11,841 13,366 1.3% 13.3% 12.8% 12.9% 14.8% 17.0% 19.2% 20.3% Industrial postdoctorates 27 53 40 27 70 46 126 222 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% Government (nonpostdoctorate) Read the entire page →
From page 161... ... APPENDIX E 161 TABLE E-2 Continued 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 Total employed in S&E 70,593 71,962 76,449 79,077 88,481 95,780 100,224 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 2,217 2,727 2,840 3,150 3,758 4,385 5,345 3.1% 3.8% 3.7% 4.0% 4.2% 4.6% 5.3% Citizens and permanent residents 69,709 70,834 75,023 77,826 87,105 93,100 97,126 98.7% 98.4% 98.1% 98.4% 98.4% 97.2% 96.9% Temporary residents 884 945 1,410 1,251 1,376 2,680 3,098 1.3% 1.3% 1.8% 1.6% 1.6% 2.8% 3.1% Total academics 43,572 40,581 45,258 48,622 53,026 55,682 57,227 61.7% 56.4% 59.2% 61.5% 59.9% 58.1% 57.1% Faculty with rank appointments 31,862 28,672 32,180 33,496 36,122 36,987 38,299 45.1% 39.8% 42.1% 42.4% 40.8% 38.6% 38.2% Tenured faculty 19,755 17,106 19,070 19,516 20,326 21,535 21,695 28.0% 23.8% 24.9% 24.7% 23.0% 22.5% 21.6% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 5,872 7,556 7,722 8,259 8,974 8,909 8,784 8.3% 10.5% 10.1% 10.4% 10.1% 9.3% 8.8% Academic postdoctorates 5,993 4,819 6,431 7,701 9,620 10,145 9,692 8.5% 6.7% 8.4% 9.7% 10.9% 10.6% 9.7% Other academic appointments 5,717 7,090 6,647 7,436 7,296 8,550 9,236 8.1% 9.9% 8.7% 9.4% 8.2% 8.9% 9.2% Industry (nonpostdoctorate) Read the entire page →
From page 162... ... 162 APPENDIX E TABLE E-3 Characteristics of Doctorates in the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 1973�2003 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Total doctorates 2,683 3,094 3,220 3,433 3,661 3,835 4,047 4,098 4,082 4,120 Males 2,079 2,352 2,391 2,452 2,549 2,611 2,733 2,634 2,554 2,445 Females 604 742 829 981 1,112 1,224 1,314 1,464 1,528 1,675 Citizens 2,458 2,812 2,928 3,128 3,231 3,461 3,722 3,724 3,676 3,728 Permanent residents 78 88 96 89 85 92 85 92 95 92 Temporary residents 121 150 140 157 165 214 183 167 152 161 Unknown 26 44 56 59 180 68 57 115 159 139 Minorities 0 3 11 84 115 172 202 234 235 266 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 194 188 189 196 193 227 298 322 349 336 Postdoctoral research 59 67 67 84 84 106 100 114 120 127 Postdoctoral traineeship 22 43 36 35 49 58 51 75 98 78 Other training 21 40 37 52 64 61 85 74 72 63 Total postdoctorates 296 338 329 367 390 452 534 585 639 604 Percent planning 11% 11% 10% 11% 11% 12% 13% 14% 16% 15% Employment 2,242 2,526 2,590 2,809 2,882 3,095 3,209 3,147 3,014 3,179 Other 49 70 87 68 80 68 83 66 75 53 Ph.D. with plans 2,587 2,934 3,006 3,244 3,352 3,615 3,826 3,798 3,728 3,836 Time to degree 6 6 6 6.17 6.25 6.25 6.33 6.59 6.83 7 Registered time to degree 5.59 5.5 5.58 5.67 5.67 5.75 5.92 5.96 6 6.25 Age at time of degree 29.66 29.58 29.75 30.08 30.08 30.25 30.25 30.58 30.59 31.16 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total doctorates 3,988 3,844 3,975 4,064 4,087 4,080 4,289 4,185 4,162 4,224 Males 1,912 1,749 1,796 1,745 1,624 1,745 1,720 1,671 1,606 1,555 Females 2,076 2,095 2,179 2,319 2,463 2,335 2,569 2,514 2,556 2,669 Citizens 3,352 3,232 3,221 3,497 3,560 3,490 3,702 3,623 3,587 3,644 Permanent residents 111 107 95 107 124 132 146 155 177 170 Temporary residents 180 194 244 267 296 334 329 311 303 307 Unknown 345 312 415 193 112 133 123 104 101 111 Minorities 255 266 267 320 339 321 349 340 394 419 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 413 414 432 480 568 585 684 676 725 700 Postdoctoral research 174 173 124 149 155 150 170 187 195 193 Postdoctoral traineeship 65 75 88 104 75 92 77 87 91 86 Other training 64 53 59 51 51 53 75 58 55 84 Total postdoctorates 716 715 703 784 849 880 1,006 1,008 1,066 1,063 Percent planning 18% 19% 18% 19% 21% 22% 24% 24% 26% 25% Employment 2,785 2,688 2,720 2,842 2,834 2,784 2,888 2,780 2,646 2,675 Other 54 50 55 65 49 62 69 62 77 83 Ph.D. Read the entire page →
From page 164... ... 13,535 8,311 8,244 5,336 5,204 4,963 5,623 4989 18.2% 24.2% 21.0% 11.7% 10.1% 8.5% 8.7% 7.2% Academic postdoctorates 205 481 594 836 775 798 901 664 0.3% 1.4% 1.5% 1.8% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.0% Other academic appointments 878 915 1,070 3,141 3,856 4,027 5,005 5569 1.2% 2.7% 2.7% 6.9% 7.5% 6.9% 7.7% 8.1% Industry (nonpostdoctorate) 2,682 3,666 4,883 6,695 9,357 12,891 15,469 17621 3.6% 10.7% 12.4% 14.7% 18.1% 22.1% 23.9% 25.6% Industrial postdoctorates 0 0 4 0 0 4 80 14 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% Government (nonpostdoctorate) Read the entire page →
From page 165... ... APPENDIX E 165 TABLE E-4 Continued 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 Total employed in S&E 74,570 75,420 81,126 84,408 91,662 95,909 99,154 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 3,713 4,542 4,943 5,609 6,482 7,045 8,534 5.0% 6.0% 6.1% 6.6% 7.1% 7.3% 8.6% Citizens and permanent residents 74,348 75,178 80,894 84,200 91,333 95,531 98,725 99.7% 99.7% 99.7% 99.8% 99.6% 99.6% 99.6% Temporary residents 194 164 190 195 329 378 429 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% Total academics 36961 33280 37617 39905 43736 45402 47206 49.6% 44.1% 46.4% 47.3% 47.7% 47.3% 47.6% Faculty with rank appointments 30,239 26,852 29,402 30,787 32,941 33,837 34,491 40.6% 35.6% 36.2% 36.5% 35.9% 35.3% 34.8% Tenured faculty 20,041 18,201 19,858 20,720 22,266 22,032 22,196 26.9% 24.1% 24.5% 24.5% 24.3% 23.0% 22.4% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 5,379 5,400 5,956 5,991 6,032 6,364 6,510 7.2% 7.2% 7.3% 7.1% 6.6% 6.6% 6.6% Academic postdoctorates 993 416 534 1,329 1,641 1,458 1,543 1.3% 0.6% 0.7% 1.6% 1.8% 1.5% 1.6% Other academic appointments 5,729 6,012 7,681 7,789 9,154 10,136 11,194 7.7% 8.0% 9.5% 9.2% 10.0% 10.6% 11.3% Industry (nonpostdoctorate) Read the entire page →
From page 166... ... with plans 245 292 274 293 284 311 336 354 351 400 Time to degree 6.59 6.21 6.42 6.34 6.75 7 6.63 6.5 7.09 6.92 Registered time to degree 5.25 5.75 5.42 5.59 5.83 5.92 5.75 5.8 6 6.08 Age at time of degree 31.21 29.96 30.33 30.59 30.67 31.83 31.58 30.75 31.67 31.75 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total doctorates 699 788 881 840 950 1022 1100 1208 1225 1237 Males 290 302 313 322 333 363 396 420 456 435 Females 409 486 568 518 617 659 704 788 769 802 Citizens 527 573 656 630 706 739 803 897 857 865 Permanent residents 33 38 29 34 58 48 63 91 102 87 Temporary residents 84 108 118 145 161 213 202 214 236 253 Unknown 55 69 78 31 29 30 44 15 41 41 Minorities 38 50 38 41 56 49 79 70 90 83 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 64 71 60 85 79 111 107 156 138 136 Postdoctoral research 27 39 38 51 40 44 50 43 70 70 Postdoctoral traineeship 4 9 6 12 5 12 9 11 11 7 Other training 14 14 12 17 17 25 19 16 17 26 Total postdoctoral 109 133 116 165 141 192 185 226 236 239 Percent planning 16% 17% 13% 20% 15% 19% 17% 19% 19% 19% Employment 506 561 659 589 725 746 820 840 850 855 Other 16 14 11 14 16 12 14 15 23 30 Ph.D. with plans 631 708 786 768 882 950 1019 1081 1109 1124 Time to degree 9.00 9.00 9.08 9.59 9.17 9.92 9.63 9.50 9.91 9.75 Registered time to degree 7.00 7.00 7.17 7.25 7.25 7.33 7.75 7.42 7.50 7.63 Age at time of degree 35.92 36.42 36.75 37.17 37.83 37.75 38.42 37.79 38.08 38.46 Read the entire page →
From page 168... ... 1,083 684 743 565 780 921 1,002 931 40.4% 19.7% 19.8% 12.6% 14.7% 15.3% 13.9% 12.1% Academic postdoctorates 40 107 108 105 139 100 177 90 1.5% 3.1% 2.9% 2.3% 2.6% 1.7% 2.5% 1.2% Other academic appointments 79 78 104 231 182 203 348 399 2.9% 2.2% 2.8% 5.1% 3.4% 3.4% 4.8% 5.2% Industry (nonpostdoctorate) 536 739 733 992 1,259 1,485 1,793 1,940 20.0% 21.3% 19.6% 22.1% 23.7% 24.7% 24.9% 25.3% Industrial postdoctorates 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 14 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% Government (nonpostdoctorate) Read the entire page →
From page 169... ... APPENDIX E 169 TABLE E-6 Continued 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 Total employed in S&E 8,736 9,506 10,748 11,996 14,069 15,268 17,180 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 533 574 760 899 1,092 1,347 1,497 6.1% 6.0% 7.1% 7.5% 7.8% 8.8% 8.7% Citizens and permanent residents 8,669 9,422 10,573 11,938 13,875 14,933 16,822 99.2% 99.1% 98.4% 99.5% 98.6% 97.8% 97.9% Temporary residents 53 84 175 58 194 335 358 0.6% 0.9% 1.6% 0.5% 1.4% 2.2% 2.1% Total academics 4,600 5,065 5,827 6,684 7,609 8,855 9,730 52.7% 53.3% 54.2% 55.7% 54.1% 58.0% 56.6% Faculty with rank appointments 4,046 4,402 5,084 5,705 6,325 7,374 8,124 46.3% 46.3% 47.3% 47.6% 45.0% 48.3% 47.3% Tenured faculty 1,925 2,156 2,341 2,770 3,081 3,507 3,647 22.0% 22.7% 21.8% 23.1% 21.9% 23.0% 21.2% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 1,424 1,339 1,784 1,988 1,878 2,138 2,384 16.3% 14.1% 16.6% 16.6% 13.3% 1.4% 13.9% Academic postdoctorates 99 169 144 342 416 324 321 1.1% 1.8% 1.3% 2.9% 3.0% 2.1% 1.9% Other academic appointments 455 494 599 637 868 1,157 1,285 5.2% 5.2% 5.6% 5.3% 6.2% 7.6% 7.5% Industry (nonpostdoctorate) Read the entire page →

From page 157...

... Appendix E Characteristics of Doctorates 157

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From page 158...

... 158 APPENDIX E TABLE E-1 Characteristics of Doctorates in the Biomedical Sciences, 1973�2003 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Total Doctorates 2,882 3,132 3,116 3,135 3,013 3,085 3,150 3,050 3,118 3,212 Males 2,420 2,572 2,530 2,474 2,340 2,347 2,424 2,351 2,311 2,351 Females 462 560 586 661 673 738 726 699 807 861 Citizens 2,385 2,591 2,573 2,582 2,381 2,556 2,610 2,528 2,628 2,738 Permanent residents 160 198 215 231 209 194 165 169 147 133 Temporary residents 312 266 256 253 283 256 277 261 259 253 Unknown 25 77 72 69 140 79 98 92 84 88 Minorities 2 1 3 80 84 86 80 78 108 79 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 1,008 1,016 965 1,000 863 1,102 1,176 1,212 1,313 1,314 Postdoctoral research 317 389 402 435 505 536 503 528 535 500 Postdoctoral traineeship 64 84 83 46 39 54 56 69 75 100 Other training 78 89 148 160 173 199 202 157 163 213 Total postdoctorates 1,467 1,578 1,598 1,641 1,580 1,891 1,937 1,966 2,086 2,127 Percent planning 52.8% 54.0% 55.1% 55.9% 57.5% 65.0% 65.9% 68.5% 71.5% 70.4% Employment 1,246 1,275 1,246 1,236 1,113 968 962 880 809 877 Other 63 70 59 61 54 49 42 25 24 17 Ph.D. with plans 2,776 2,923 2,903 2,938 2,747 2,908 2,941 2,871 2,919 3,021 Time to degree 5.92 6 6 6.17 6.17 6 6.17 6.25 6.33 6.41 Registered time to degree 5.41 5.42 5.67 5.75 5.67 5.59 5.75 5.75 5.91 5.91 Age at time of degree 28.92 29 29.42 29.58 29.42 29.25 29.25 29.34 29.38 29.41 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total Doctorates 3,465 3,769 3,793 3,992 4,294 4,442 4,794 4,863 5,079 5,366 Males 2,214 2,377 2,348 2,477 2,655 2,740 2,864 2,887 2,955 3,102 Females 1,251 1,392 1,445 1,515 1,639 1,702 1,930 1,976 2,124 2,264 Citizens 2,670 2,858 2,850 2,899 3,050 3,072 3,264 3,203 3,278 3,291 Permanent residents 153 176 173 183 210 240 296 641 831 801 Temporary residents 455 515 570 814 987 1,078 1,165 980 918 1,173 Unknown 187 220 200 96 62 66 98 57 73 121 Minorities 128 123 135 135 159 162 190 223 243 246 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 1,470 1,650 1,652 1,766 1,900 2,011 2,243 2,234 2,358 2,380 Postdoctoral research 657 704 679 811 879 894 940 968 994 1,031 Postdoctoral traineeship 75 81 65 76 87 81 99 111 107 115 Other training 217 216 260 233 294 307 332 313 346 406 Total postdoctorates 2,419 2,651 2,656 2,886 3,160 3,293 3,614 3,626 3,805 3,932 Percent planning 74.9% 75.8% 75.1% 77.0% 77.0% 77.2% 78.6% 78.1% 7.9% 77.7% Employment 776 815 856 820 902 936 939 974 963 1,077 Other 36 32 27 43 40 35 45 40 48 52 Ph.D.

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From page 160...

... 15,571 8,854 9,170 5,952 6,446 5,673 6,644 6,149 45.3% 22.3% 21.1% 12.2% 12.1% 10.0% 10.7% 9.3% Academic postdoctorates 1,713 2,615 3,507 4,358 4,722 4,405 4,450 4,784 5.0% 6.6% 8.1% 9.0% 8.8% 7.8% 7.2% 7.3% Other academic appointments 1,572 1,706 1,810 3,092 3,575 3,882 4,403 4,963 4.6% 4.3% 4.2% 6.4% 6.7% 6.9% 7.1% 7.5% Industry (nonpostdoctorate) 4,470 5,273 5,543 6,286 7,881 9,589 11,841 13,366 1.3% 13.3% 12.8% 12.9% 14.8% 17.0% 19.2% 20.3% Industrial postdoctorates 27 53 40 27 70 46 126 222 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% 0.3% Government (nonpostdoctorate)

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From page 161...

... APPENDIX E 161 TABLE E-2 Continued 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 Total employed in S&E 70,593 71,962 76,449 79,077 88,481 95,780 100,224 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 2,217 2,727 2,840 3,150 3,758 4,385 5,345 3.1% 3.8% 3.7% 4.0% 4.2% 4.6% 5.3% Citizens and permanent residents 69,709 70,834 75,023 77,826 87,105 93,100 97,126 98.7% 98.4% 98.1% 98.4% 98.4% 97.2% 96.9% Temporary residents 884 945 1,410 1,251 1,376 2,680 3,098 1.3% 1.3% 1.8% 1.6% 1.6% 2.8% 3.1% Total academics 43,572 40,581 45,258 48,622 53,026 55,682 57,227 61.7% 56.4% 59.2% 61.5% 59.9% 58.1% 57.1% Faculty with rank appointments 31,862 28,672 32,180 33,496 36,122 36,987 38,299 45.1% 39.8% 42.1% 42.4% 40.8% 38.6% 38.2% Tenured faculty 19,755 17,106 19,070 19,516 20,326 21,535 21,695 28.0% 23.8% 24.9% 24.7% 23.0% 22.5% 21.6% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 5,872 7,556 7,722 8,259 8,974 8,909 8,784 8.3% 10.5% 10.1% 10.4% 10.1% 9.3% 8.8% Academic postdoctorates 5,993 4,819 6,431 7,701 9,620 10,145 9,692 8.5% 6.7% 8.4% 9.7% 10.9% 10.6% 9.7% Other academic appointments 5,717 7,090 6,647 7,436 7,296 8,550 9,236 8.1% 9.9% 8.7% 9.4% 8.2% 8.9% 9.2% Industry (nonpostdoctorate)

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From page 162...

... 162 APPENDIX E TABLE E-3 Characteristics of Doctorates in the Behavioral and Social Sciences, 1973�2003 1970 1971 1972 1973 1974 1975 1976 1977 1978 1979 Total doctorates 2,683 3,094 3,220 3,433 3,661 3,835 4,047 4,098 4,082 4,120 Males 2,079 2,352 2,391 2,452 2,549 2,611 2,733 2,634 2,554 2,445 Females 604 742 829 981 1,112 1,224 1,314 1,464 1,528 1,675 Citizens 2,458 2,812 2,928 3,128 3,231 3,461 3,722 3,724 3,676 3,728 Permanent residents 78 88 96 89 85 92 85 92 95 92 Temporary residents 121 150 140 157 165 214 183 167 152 161 Unknown 26 44 56 59 180 68 57 115 159 139 Minorities 0 3 11 84 115 172 202 234 235 266 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 194 188 189 196 193 227 298 322 349 336 Postdoctoral research 59 67 67 84 84 106 100 114 120 127 Postdoctoral traineeship 22 43 36 35 49 58 51 75 98 78 Other training 21 40 37 52 64 61 85 74 72 63 Total postdoctorates 296 338 329 367 390 452 534 585 639 604 Percent planning 11% 11% 10% 11% 11% 12% 13% 14% 16% 15% Employment 2,242 2,526 2,590 2,809 2,882 3,095 3,209 3,147 3,014 3,179 Other 49 70 87 68 80 68 83 66 75 53 Ph.D. with plans 2,587 2,934 3,006 3,244 3,352 3,615 3,826 3,798 3,728 3,836 Time to degree 6 6 6 6.17 6.25 6.25 6.33 6.59 6.83 7 Registered time to degree 5.59 5.5 5.58 5.67 5.67 5.75 5.92 5.96 6 6.25 Age at time of degree 29.66 29.58 29.75 30.08 30.08 30.25 30.25 30.58 30.59 31.16 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total doctorates 3,988 3,844 3,975 4,064 4,087 4,080 4,289 4,185 4,162 4,224 Males 1,912 1,749 1,796 1,745 1,624 1,745 1,720 1,671 1,606 1,555 Females 2,076 2,095 2,179 2,319 2,463 2,335 2,569 2,514 2,556 2,669 Citizens 3,352 3,232 3,221 3,497 3,560 3,490 3,702 3,623 3,587 3,644 Permanent residents 111 107 95 107 124 132 146 155 177 170 Temporary residents 180 194 244 267 296 334 329 311 303 307 Unknown 345 312 415 193 112 133 123 104 101 111 Minorities 255 266 267 320 339 321 349 340 394 419 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 413 414 432 480 568 585 684 676 725 700 Postdoctoral research 174 173 124 149 155 150 170 187 195 193 Postdoctoral traineeship 65 75 88 104 75 92 77 87 91 86 Other training 64 53 59 51 51 53 75 58 55 84 Total postdoctorates 716 715 703 784 849 880 1,006 1,008 1,066 1,063 Percent planning 18% 19% 18% 19% 21% 22% 24% 24% 26% 25% Employment 2,785 2,688 2,720 2,842 2,834 2,784 2,888 2,780 2,646 2,675 Other 54 50 55 65 49 62 69 62 77 83 Ph.D.

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From page 164...

... 13,535 8,311 8,244 5,336 5,204 4,963 5,623 4989 18.2% 24.2% 21.0% 11.7% 10.1% 8.5% 8.7% 7.2% Academic postdoctorates 205 481 594 836 775 798 901 664 0.3% 1.4% 1.5% 1.8% 1.5% 1.4% 1.4% 1.0% Other academic appointments 878 915 1,070 3,141 3,856 4,027 5,005 5569 1.2% 2.7% 2.7% 6.9% 7.5% 6.9% 7.7% 8.1% Industry (nonpostdoctorate) 2,682 3,666 4,883 6,695 9,357 12,891 15,469 17621 3.6% 10.7% 12.4% 14.7% 18.1% 22.1% 23.9% 25.6% Industrial postdoctorates 0 0 4 0 0 4 80 14 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.0% Government (nonpostdoctorate)

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From page 165...

... APPENDIX E 165 TABLE E-4 Continued 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 Total employed in S&E 74,570 75,420 81,126 84,408 91,662 95,909 99,154 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 3,713 4,542 4,943 5,609 6,482 7,045 8,534 5.0% 6.0% 6.1% 6.6% 7.1% 7.3% 8.6% Citizens and permanent residents 74,348 75,178 80,894 84,200 91,333 95,531 98,725 99.7% 99.7% 99.7% 99.8% 99.6% 99.6% 99.6% Temporary residents 194 164 190 195 329 378 429 0.3% 0.2% 0.2% 0.2% 0.4% 0.4% 0.4% Total academics 36961 33280 37617 39905 43736 45402 47206 49.6% 44.1% 46.4% 47.3% 47.7% 47.3% 47.6% Faculty with rank appointments 30,239 26,852 29,402 30,787 32,941 33,837 34,491 40.6% 35.6% 36.2% 36.5% 35.9% 35.3% 34.8% Tenured faculty 20,041 18,201 19,858 20,720 22,266 22,032 22,196 26.9% 24.1% 24.5% 24.5% 24.3% 23.0% 22.4% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 5,379 5,400 5,956 5,991 6,032 6,364 6,510 7.2% 7.2% 7.3% 7.1% 6.6% 6.6% 6.6% Academic postdoctorates 993 416 534 1,329 1,641 1,458 1,543 1.3% 0.6% 0.7% 1.6% 1.8% 1.5% 1.6% Other academic appointments 5,729 6,012 7,681 7,789 9,154 10,136 11,194 7.7% 8.0% 9.5% 9.2% 10.0% 10.6% 11.3% Industry (nonpostdoctorate)

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... with plans 245 292 274 293 284 311 336 354 351 400 Time to degree 6.59 6.21 6.42 6.34 6.75 7 6.63 6.5 7.09 6.92 Registered time to degree 5.25 5.75 5.42 5.59 5.83 5.92 5.75 5.8 6 6.08 Age at time of degree 31.21 29.96 30.33 30.59 30.67 31.83 31.58 30.75 31.67 31.75 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 Total doctorates 699 788 881 840 950 1022 1100 1208 1225 1237 Males 290 302 313 322 333 363 396 420 456 435 Females 409 486 568 518 617 659 704 788 769 802 Citizens 527 573 656 630 706 739 803 897 857 865 Permanent residents 33 38 29 34 58 48 63 91 102 87 Temporary residents 84 108 118 145 161 213 202 214 236 253 Unknown 55 69 78 31 29 30 44 15 41 41 Minorities 38 50 38 41 56 49 79 70 90 83 Postdoctoral training Postdoctoral fellowship 64 71 60 85 79 111 107 156 138 136 Postdoctoral research 27 39 38 51 40 44 50 43 70 70 Postdoctoral traineeship 4 9 6 12 5 12 9 11 11 7 Other training 14 14 12 17 17 25 19 16 17 26 Total postdoctoral 109 133 116 165 141 192 185 226 236 239 Percent planning 16% 17% 13% 20% 15% 19% 17% 19% 19% 19% Employment 506 561 659 589 725 746 820 840 850 855 Other 16 14 11 14 16 12 14 15 23 30 Ph.D. with plans 631 708 786 768 882 950 1019 1081 1109 1124 Time to degree 9.00 9.00 9.08 9.59 9.17 9.92 9.63 9.50 9.91 9.75 Registered time to degree 7.00 7.00 7.17 7.25 7.25 7.33 7.75 7.42 7.50 7.63 Age at time of degree 35.92 36.42 36.75 37.17 37.83 37.75 38.42 37.79 38.08 38.46

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... 1,083 684 743 565 780 921 1,002 931 40.4% 19.7% 19.8% 12.6% 14.7% 15.3% 13.9% 12.1% Academic postdoctorates 40 107 108 105 139 100 177 90 1.5% 3.1% 2.9% 2.3% 2.6% 1.7% 2.5% 1.2% Other academic appointments 79 78 104 231 182 203 348 399 2.9% 2.2% 2.8% 5.1% 3.4% 3.4% 4.8% 5.2% Industry (nonpostdoctorate) 536 739 733 992 1,259 1,485 1,793 1,940 20.0% 21.3% 19.6% 22.1% 23.7% 24.7% 24.9% 25.3% Industrial postdoctorates 0 0 0 0 0 8 5 14 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.1% 0.1% 0.2% Government (nonpostdoctorate)

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From page 169...

... APPENDIX E 169 TABLE E-6 Continued 1989 1991 1993 1995 1997 1999 2001 Total employed in S&E 8,736 9,506 10,748 11,996 14,069 15,268 17,180 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% 100.0% Minority 533 574 760 899 1,092 1,347 1,497 6.1% 6.0% 7.1% 7.5% 7.8% 8.8% 8.7% Citizens and permanent residents 8,669 9,422 10,573 11,938 13,875 14,933 16,822 99.2% 99.1% 98.4% 99.5% 98.6% 97.8% 97.9% Temporary residents 53 84 175 58 194 335 358 0.6% 0.9% 1.6% 0.5% 1.4% 2.2% 2.1% Total academics 4,600 5,065 5,827 6,684 7,609 8,855 9,730 52.7% 53.3% 54.2% 55.7% 54.1% 58.0% 56.6% Faculty with rank appointments 4,046 4,402 5,084 5,705 6,325 7,374 8,124 46.3% 46.3% 47.3% 47.6% 45.0% 48.3% 47.3% Tenured faculty 1,925 2,156 2,341 2,770 3,081 3,507 3,647 22.0% 22.7% 21.8% 23.1% 21.9% 23.0% 21.2% Tenure-track faculty (not tenured) 1,424 1,339 1,784 1,988 1,878 2,138 2,384 16.3% 14.1% 16.6% 16.6% 13.3% 1.4% 13.9% Academic postdoctorates 99 169 144 342 416 324 321 1.1% 1.8% 1.3% 2.9% 3.0% 2.1% 1.9% Other academic appointments 455 494 599 637 868 1,157 1,285 5.2% 5.2% 5.6% 5.3% 6.2% 7.6% 7.5% Industry (nonpostdoctorate)

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Key Terms

postdoctoral training

temporary residents

postdoctoral trainees

temporary resident

permanent residents

academic postdoctorates

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Appendix E Characteristics of Doctorates Pages 157-170

Appendix E Characteristics of Doctorates
Pages 157-170