WIC Food Packages Time for a Change (2006) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Appendix C Nutrient Intake of WIC Subgroups
Appendix C Nutrient Intake of WIC Subgroups
Pages 265-290
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 265... ...
The results presented in this appendix and summarized in Chapter 2-Nutrient and Food Priorities -- update the results of similar analyses conducted by the committee for its first report, Proposed Criteria for Selecting the WIC Food Packages: A Preliminary Report of the Committee to Review the WIC Food Packages (IOM, 2004b)
|
From page 266... ...
266 WIC FOOD PACKAGES DIETARY REFERENCE INTAKES (IOM, 19972005) Over the past decade, knowledge of nutrient requirements has increased substantially, resulting in a set of new dietary reference standards called the Dietary Reference Intakes (IOM, 1997, 1998, 2000b, 2001, 2002/2005, 2005a)
|
From page 267... ...
APPENDIX C 267 TABLE C-1 Acceptable Macronutrient Distribution Ranges Range (percentage of food energy intake) Macronutrient Children, 13 y Children, 4 y Women, 1344 y Protein 520 1030 1035 Carbohydrate 4565 4565 4565 Fat 3040 2535 2035 DATA SOURCE: DRI report (IOM, 2002/2005)
|
From page 268... ...
268 WIC FOOD PACKAGES 2. What proportion of the subgroup is at risk of inadequate usual intake?
|
From page 269... ...
APPENDIX C 269 inadequacy among categorical WIC subgroups. The EAR cut-point method involves estimating the proportion of individuals in a group whose usual nutrient intakes are less than the EAR.
|
From page 270... ...
270 WIC FOOD PACKAGES dressed only for those nutrients with ULs. Because the data used in the analysis do not include intakes from supplements, the assessment of the risk of excessive intake was limited to considering nutrient intake from foods.
|
From page 271... ...
APPENDIX C 271 Analysis Sample1 The analysis sample includes respondents from the CSFII 19941996 and 1998 who completed 24-hour dietary recalls and were in one of the following categorical subgroups. · WIC Infants, Non-Breastfed, Less Than One Year of Age -- The analysis sample included WIC infants 0 through 3 months of age [sample size (n)
|
From page 272... ...
272 WIC FOOD PACKAGES Nutrients Examined The nutrients and dietary components examined include: · Nutrients currently targeted by the WIC program -- calcium, iron, vitamin A, vitamin C, and protein; · Macronutrients -- food energy and the percentage of food energy from protein, carbohydrate, and fat; and · Other nutrients and dietary components considered of public health significance -- selenium, magnesium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium, vitamin E, thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, folate, fiber, and cholesterol; also saturated fat and added sugars as a percentage of food energy intake. An important issue is to ensure that comparable units for each nutrient are used among the various resources used.
|
From page 273... ...
APPENDIX C 273 · Folate as Folic Acid -- The UL for folate applies only to folic acid, the form of folate used in fortification and supplementation. For estimates of intake used in comparison to the UL for folate, the variable folic acid was obtained from the nutrient data, calculated by applying the nutrient values from the FNDDS Nutrient Values file (FSRG, 2004)
|
From page 274... ...
274 program WIC the Through in 0 Infants, %>UL -- 0.2 86.0 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- 38.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- participating age WIC a c UL ND 40 4 45 na ND ND ND -- 600 ND ND ND ND na ND ND ND of C-2G. mo 3.9 Table AI*
|
From page 275... ...
275 the of 5 time e th at Through 4 program Infants, WIC %>UL -- 0.3 96.8 <0.1 -- -- -- -- -- 56.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- - the in WIC a c UL ND 40 4 45 na ND ND ND -- 600 ND ND ND ND na ND ND ND AI*
|
From page 276... ...
276 of 11 time %>UL 0.3 10.0 -- 0.3 87.6 5.1 -- -- -- -- -- 42.7 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- het at D a Through UL 40 5 N 40 5 60 na D D D D D D D D c N N N N 600 N N N N na D D D N N N 6 program WIC Infants, Inadeq the % 39.5 60.3 -- 1.7 0.3 -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- in WIC AI* or participating EAR 6.9 2.5 270*
|
From page 277... ...
277 23 time the %>UL 0.1 <0.1 55.7 4.0 -- <0.1 63.5 -- -- 25.0 <0.1 <0.1 -- -- -- -- <0.1 -- at Through a D c 12 UL 2.5 40 7 90 na 3,000 1.5 N -- 600 200 400 ND ND na -- 7.7 30 ND program WIC the Children, Inadeq in % -- 1.6 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.6 -- -- 0.5 -- 55.3 <0.1 0.1 <0.1 2.5 1.2 300 <0.1 0.1 WIC AI* or participating age EAR 500*
|
From page 278... ...
278 WIC FOOD PACKAGES TABLE C-2E Usual Intake Distributions of Selected Micronutrients and Electrolytes: WIC Children, 2 Through 4 Years Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean) Units Nutrient (per day)
|
From page 279... ...
APPENDIX C 279 EAR or AI* a % Inadeq ULe %>UL 500*
|
From page 280... ...
280 WIC FOOD PACKAGES TABLE C-2F Usual Intake Distributions of Selected Micronutrients and Electrolytes: Adolescent and Adult Women, Pregnant or Lactating Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean) Units Nutrient (per day)
|
From page 281... ...
APPENDIX C 281 EAR or AI*
|
From page 282... ...
282 WIC FOOD PACKAGES TABLE C-2G Usual Intake Distributions of Selected Micronutrients and Electrolytes: Adolescent and Adult Women, Non-Breastfeeding Postpartum Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean) Units Nutrient (per day)
|
From page 283... ...
APPENDIX C 283 EAR or AI*
|
From page 284... ...
284 WIC FOOD PACKAGES TABLE C-3A Usual Intake Distributions of Selected Macronutrients: WIC Infants, 0 Through 3 Months, Non-Breastfed Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean) Nutrient Units 10th 25th Median Mean 75th 90th Food energy kcal/d 437 523 635 673 778 951 EERa kcal/d 406 468 559 555 640 687 Protein g/d 9.4 11.4 14.1 14.9 17.6 21.5 % of energy 8 8 9 9 9 10 Carbohydrate g/d 47 57 71 75 87 106 % of energy 41 43 44 44 46 48 Fat, total g/d 22 27 33 35 40 49 % of energy 43 45 47 46 48 49 Saturated fatty acids g/d 9 11 13 14 16 20 % of energy 16 18 19 19 20 21 NOTES FOR TABLE C-3A: Analysis sample was data for non-breastfed infants from birth through 3.9 mo of age participating in the WIC program at the time of the survey (n = 152)
|
From page 285... ...
APPENDIX C 285 TABLE C-3C Usual Intake Distributions of Macronutrients, Cholesterol, and Fiber: WIC Infants, 6 Through 11 Months, Non-Breastfed Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean) Nutrient Units 10th 25th Median Mean 75th 90th Food energy kcal/d 691 821 970 992 1,137 1,319 EERa kcal/d 570 641 740 754 854 958 Proteinb g/d 15.9 19.7 24.9 26.7 31.8 39.9 % of energy 8 9 10 11 12 13 Carbohydrate g/d 91 107 128 131 151 176 % of energy 47 50 53 54 57 60 Fat, total g/d 27 33 40 40 47 55 % of energy 30 34 37 36 40 43 Saturated fatty acids g/d 11 13 16 16 19 22 % of energy 11 13 15 14 16 18 Cholesterol mg/d 13 23 47 71 92 160 Fiber g/d 2 3 5 5 6 8 b For protein, 0.6% of WIC infants ages 611.9 mo had inadequate intakes.
|
From page 286... ...
286 WIC FOOD PACKAGES TABLE C-3E Usual Intake Distributions of Macronutrients, Cholesterol, and Fiber: WIC Children, 2 Through 4 Years Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean) Nutrient Units 10th 25th Median Mean 75th 90th Food energy kcal/d 1,112 1,312 1,553 1,585 1,822 2,095 EERa-Low Active kcal/d 1,000 1,146 1,285 1,282 1,412 1,545 EERa-Active kcal/d 1,019 1,207 1,411 1,389 1,567 1,700 Proteinb g/d 40 47 56 57 67 77 % of energy 13 14 15 15 16 17 Carbohydrate g/d 146 173 208 213 247 286 % of energy 48 51 54 54 57 60 Added sugars g/d 6 8 12 13 17 21 % of energy 7 9 12 13 16 20 Fat, total g/d 39 47 57 58 68 80 % of energy 28 30 33 33 35 38 Saturated fatty acidsc g/d 15 18 22 22 26 30 % of energy 10 11 13 13 14 15 Cholesterold mg/d 134 165 206 216 257 311 Fiber g/d 7 8 11 11 13 16 b For protein, <0.1% of WIC children ages 24.9 y had inadequate intakes.
|
From page 287... ...
APPENDIX C 287 TABLE C-3F Usual Intake Distributions of Macronutrients, Cholesterol, and Fiber: Adolescent and Adult Women, Pregnant or Lactating Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean) Nutrient Units 10th 25th Median Mean 75th 90th Food energy kcal/d 1,557 1,798 2,088 2,115 2,403 2,707 EERa-Low Active kcal/d 2,279 2,355 2,451 2,465 2,560 2,671 Proteinb g/d 58 68 79 79 90 102 % of energy 14 15 16 16 16 17 Carbohydrate g/d 199 235 279 285 328 378 % of energy 49 51 54 54 56 59 Added sugars g/d 10 14 20 22 27 35 % of energy 8 11 15 16 19 24 Fat, total g/d 55 64 76 77 88 99 % of energy 28 30 32 32 35 37 Saturated fatty acidsc g/d 19 23 27 27 32 37 % of energy 9 10 12 12 13 14 Cholesterold mg/d 173 210 260 271 320 385 Fiber g/d 10 13 17 18 21 26 bFor protein, 17% of pregnant and lactating women had inadequate intakes.
|
From page 288... ...
288 WIC FOOD PACKAGES TABLE C-3G Usual Intake Distributions of Macronutrients, Cholesterol, and Fiber: Adolescent and Adult Women, Non-Breastfeeding Postpartum Intake Distribution (percentiles and mean) Nutrient Units 10th 25th Median Mean 75th 90th Food energy kcal/d 1,363 1,540 1,754 1,774 1,986 2,210 EERa-Low Active kcal/d 1,988 2,058 2,148 2,163 2,253 2,359 Proteinb g/d 50 57 64 65 72 80 % of energy 12 14 15 15 16 18 Carbohydrate g/d 159 189 226 229 266 305 % of energy 47 49 52 52 55 57 Added sugars g/d 8 13 19 21 27 36 % of energy 8 12 17 18 24 30 Fat, total g/d 55 60 66 66 72 77 % of energy 32 32 33 33 34 35 Saturated fatty acidsc g/d 17 20 23 23 26 29 % of energy 10 11 11 11 12 12 Cholesterold mg/d 152 179 213 219 253 292 Fiber g/d 7 9 12 12 15 18 bFor protein, 4% of non-breastfeeding postpartum women had inadequate intakes.
|
From page 290... ...
290 of for Women Dietary (IOM, Range, 2000)
|
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.