Midsize Facilities The Infrastructure for Materials Research (2006) / Chapter Skim
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Pages 189-211
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From page 189... ...
On average, about 12 percent of the DMR annual budget supports capital equipment purchases, or about $30,000 per year in FY 2003 constant dollars. This support is often provided through the Major Research Instrumentation (MRI)
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From page 190... ...
NSF supports the development of the next generation of research instrumentation by encouraging institutions to submit proposals that target instrument development. Individual investigators and teams of researchers are encouraged to apply for instrument development support.
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From page 191... ...
Within DMR, about 90 percent on average of the MRI award is used directly for capital equipment purchases. Instrumentation for Materials Research The DMR-specific IMR program3 supports the acquisition and/or development of research instruments that will provide new capability and/or advance current capability to (1)
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From page 192... ...
(years) 2003 44 147,000 143,074 1.32 2002 45 93,212 110,512 1.66 2001 47 96,708 108,478 1.61 2000 51 91,145 102,608 1.55 1999 41 105,000 128,212 1.58 1998 38 78,619 81,525 1.66 NOTE: About 80 percent of the average award goes directly toward the capital equipment costs for new instrumentation.
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From page 193... ...
DMR expected to have $3.5 million available to support this activity in FY 2004 for 3 to 4 awards, and to increase this level of support in future years, depending on the availability of funds. The IMR-MIP program accepts proposals from university researchers for the design and construction of midscale tools for materials research -- including equipment for materials characterization or preparation, such as detectors, beam lines, new high-field magnets, or preparation environments -- at user facilities supported by NSF or other sources, including the Department of Energy (DOE)
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From page 194... ...
By 1993, just be fore the MRSEC program was created, NSF supported 10 MRLs and 18 MRGs. The purpose of the MRSEC program is to undertake materials research of a scope and complexity that would not be feasible under traditional funding of individual research projects.
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From page 195... ...
International Materials Institutes Continued progress in materials research depends increasingly on collaborative efforts among chemists, physicists, biologists, mathematicians, and engineers, 7This section is based on materials from the Partnerships for Research and Education in Materials (PREM) Program Solicitation, NSF 03-564.
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From page 196... ...
A critically important aspect of an international materials institute is its potential impact on advancing materials research on an international scale and developing an internationally competitive generation of materials researchers. This feature helps distinguish an international materials institute from other types of materials research centers that NSF supports.
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From page 197... ...
The MUE program gives priority to proposals that involve multiple identified users with active NSF support. The program supports: · The purchase of single items of biological equipment that cost at least $40,000; · The establishment of instrumentation resources consisting of several items of equipment with a related purpose, or the purchase of additional equip ment for such resources; and · Shared computational resources.
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From page 198... ...
The program provides support for: · Development of concept and proof of concept for an entirely novel instru ment for biological research; · Development of new instruments that provide new capabilities for detec tion, quantification, or observation of biological phenomena, or signifi cantly extend currently achievable sensitivity or resolution; · Novel or significantly improved instruments for the study of biological systems at all levels of organization from the molecular and cellular to organisms, communities, and ecosystems; · Improved or novel software for the operation of instruments or the analysis of data or images; and · Workshops in emerging areas of instrumentation and instrument develop ment relevant to biological research in areas supported by the Directorate for Biological Sciences. 10This section is based on materials from the Instrument Development for Biological Research Program Announcement, NSF 05-536.
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From page 199... ...
However, from first principles, the number of "national user facilities" that are supported is small and almost all are based at the national laboratories. By ticking off the facilities on one's fingers, one can count four electron beam microcharacterization centers, five nanoscale science research centers, four neutron sources, the four light sources (not small facilities)
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From page 200... ...
Research thrusts and instrument suites for the centers have been determined in 12Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee, Report of the Basic Energy Sciences Advisory Committee Subpanel Review of the Electron Beam Microcharacterization Centers: Past, Present, and Future, DOE/ SC-0019, Germantown, Md.: Department of Energy, February 2000. Available online at http:// www.sc.doe.gov/bes/besac/e-beam%20report.pdf; last accessed June 1, 2005.
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From page 201... ...
The substantial expense of developing and maintaining such aberrationcorrected electron microscopes is beyond the capability of individual investigators or even university centers. DOE's electron-beam microcharacterization centers propose to lead the development of advanced aberration-corrected electron microscopes in user facilities and provide the necessary infrastructure to make this instrumentation broadly available to the scientific user community.
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From page 202... ...
Not only did these laboratories foster collaborative research, but they also provided a suite of central facilities to support the research without the need for an individual investigator to raise funds to set up and support materials analysis and preparation facilities. At some of the universities, such as Cornell, the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, and Stanford, the facilities were quite extensive, covering cryogenic research, MeV particle accelerators, traditional wet chemical analysis, instrumental analysis, optical and electron microscopy, furnaces for materials preparation, and so on.
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From page 203... ...
The MURI program supports basic science and/or engineering research at institutions of higher education that is of critical importance to national defense. The program is focused on multidisciplinary research efforts that intersect more than one traditional science and engineering 15This section is based on materials from the Department of Defense Program Announcement, Defense University Research Instrumentation Program (DURIP)
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From page 204... ...
Designed to provide a multidisciplinary technological infrastructure, the program supports a combination of research, development, collaborative research, service, and information dissemination activities involving a wide range of technologies. These biomedical technology resource centers provide state-of-the-art experimental and computational resources to a wide range of biomedical researchers, particu larly those supported by NIH.
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The resource is expected to serve investigators in a wide geographical region. Five required components characterize a biomedical technology resource center: · Technological research and development.
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From page 206... ...
There are currently more than 50 special ized biomedical technology resource centers across the country, housed primarily at academic institutions. Joint Shared Instrumentation Grant Program with NSF The NSF MUE program and the NIH National Center for Research Resources (NCRR)
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From page 207... ...
In 2004, the formal cost-sharing mechanism between NSF and NIH expired for this program; however, the SIG program still allows principal investigators to apply to both agencies for support for a large instrument provided that prior arrangements and notifications have been made. NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND SPACE ADMINISTRATION Sample Return Laboratory Instrument and Data Analysis Program NASA has recently created a new program that seeks to advance the state of the art in analytical instrumentation and methods.
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From page 208... ...
Cost sharing and evidence of a long-term institutional commitment are viewed as important elements of the program. NATIONAL NANOTECHNOLOGY INITIATIVE An important element of the future for materials research is the emphasis on nanotechnology.
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From page 209... ...
NNIN is an integrated partnership of 13 user facilities providing broad opportunities for nanoscience and nanotechnology research. The network provides extensive support in nanoscale fabrication, synthesis, characterization, modeling, design, computation, and hands-on training.
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From page 210... ...
Centers in the program bring together researchers with diverse expertise -- in partnership with industry, government laboratories, and/or partners from other 22This section is based on materials from the Nanoscale Science and Engineering Centers (NSEC) Program Solicitation, NSF 03-043.
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From page 211... ...
AP P E N D I XF 211 sectors -- to address complex, interdisciplinary challenges in nanoscale science and engineering, and will integrate research with education both internally and through a variety of partnership activities. Each center, whether based at a single institution or distributed across a number of institutions, must have an overarching research and education theme, well-integrated programs, and a coherent and effective management plan.
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