John R. La Montagne Memorial Symposium on Pandemic Influenza Research Meeting Proceedings (2005) / Chapter Skim
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4 Working Groups , Day 1
4 Working Groups , Day 1
Pages 59-98
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From page 59... ...
3. What studies are needed to track the rate of antigenic change in avian and human influenza virus strains and to predict changes that may occur?
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From page 60... ...
Researchers are now using mice, ferrets, and chickens as animal models. The use of non-human primates for influenza virus studies is somewhat questionable.
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Purnell Choppin and others asked whether we need studies that ask whether human genetic changes increase or decrease susceptibility to influenza virus infection. Could such studies be coupled to the NCI cancer genome project?
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· Determine the genes and their function for transmission and pathogenicity in ferrets using qualified reagents 62
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WORKING GROUPS 63 Working Group 1 Presentation Slides: Influenza Virulence and Antigenic Change -Dr. Lamb, Rapporteur 63
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64 PANDEMIC INFLUENZA RESEARCH (Slides available on accompanying CD)
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WORKING GROUPS 65 Working Group 1 Briefing Slides: Influenza Virulence and Antigenic Change Dr. Palese, Briefer 65
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68 PANDEMIC INFLUENZA RESEARCH (Slides available on accompanying CD)
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From page 69... ...
3. What studies are needed to assess optimal approaches to use and to assess impact of avian influenza vaccines?
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From page 70... ...
Immediate: Reverse Genetics § Performreverse genetic studies toidentify avian influenza genes from specific strains with greatest interspecies transfer potential § Caution should beexercised as to the appropriate biosafety level for re-assortant studies to generate a potentially pandemic strain by reverse genetics § Develop methods to assess personto person transmission potential We also prioritized identifying control measures optimized for conditions in developing countries, although some U.S. communities raise birds under the conditions used in Asian villages.
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From page 71... ...
5-yr: Identify control measures § Identifycontrolstrategiesoptimized for conditions in Developing Countries Assess creative solutions for smallholders: education, economic incentives, changes in agricultural systems Perform knowledge, attitude, practice studies § Assess allstrata (recreational vs village vs industry) § Assess what interventions are practiced § Leverage local pathways for communication § Leverage public education system to introduce better practices Perform operational research to assess impact of interventions such as education including baseline surveys We view studies of knowledge, attitude, and practice at recreational, village, and industry levels of bird rearing as very important.
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From page 72... ...
10-yr: Improve Vaccines § Cell culture production § New adjuvant systems § Oils whichcanbemetabolized § Vaccines whichreducetransmission (Sterilizing immunity is unachievable) § Mass delivery techniques 10-yr: Animal Models Develop animal models to predict & understand potential for circulating animal influenza viruses including H5N1 Asian viruses to infect humans and be transmitted from human to human 72
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WORKING GROUPS 73 Working Group 2 Briefing Slides: Controlling animal Influenza and Decreasing Animal-to Human Transmission-Dr. Swayne, Briefer
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WORKING GROUPS 79 Thank you for your attention! (Slides available on accompanying CD)
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From page 80... ...
· Strengthen and extend the global network with immediate emphasis on national and regional laboratories in SE Asia, -Ensuring resources for the availability and distribution of diagnostic tests -Public health and private sectors should be involved -Network would provide financial and technical capacities required -Organization and management structure -WHO and other organizations would play a significant role
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From page 81... ...
We obviously need to know much more about the progression of H5N1 disease in individuals, and how to apply diagnostic tests most efficiently. But the highest priority is to strengthen and extend the WHO global network, with an immediate emphasis on establishing an effective network of national and regional laboratories in Southeast Asia.
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From page 82... ...
· Development of a real-time database · Develop strategies to diagnose the disease before you have the diagnostic tests (syndromic surveillance) Our 10-year priorities include understanding the biological and epidemiological dynamics of respiratory pandemics, focusing on flu but also the nature of influenza in relation to other agents.
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From page 83... ...
WORKING GROUPS 83 Working Group 3 Briefing Slides: Challenges and Strategies for Detection and Characterization of Influenza Viruses: Surveillance and Diagnosis-Dr. Cox, Briefer
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WORKING GROUPS 87 (Slides available on accompanying CD)
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From page 88... ...
We need to obtain data on the virologic course and immune responses following pandemic influenza infection, as well as response to therapy following human H5 infections and other potential pandemic infections. A major priority is safety and tolerability of available drugs -- oseltamivir pharmacokinetics (PK)
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From page 89... ...
We need to test oseltamivir monotherapy versus combination with an M2 inhibitor or ribavirin or other novel therapies in high-risk populations. We also need to test therapeutic efficacy of parenteral peramivir in hospitalized influenza patients, and to test prophylactic efficacy and tolerability of topical long-acting neuraminidase inhibitors.
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From page 90... ...
Such an effort would include operational research to define the optimal infrastructure for developing, stockpiling, and distributing efficacious antiviral agents as quickly as possible.
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WORKING GROUPS 91 Working Group 4 Presentation Slides: Antivirals and Non-Specific Approaches, Treatments and Immunotherapies-Dr. Hackett, Rapporteur
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From page 92... ...
92 PANDEMIC INFLUENZA RESEARCH (Slides available on accompanying CD)
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WORKING GROUPS 93 Working Group 4 Briefing Slides: Antivirals and Non-Specific Approaches, Treatments and Immunotherapies-Dr. Hayden, Briefer
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WORKING GROUPS 97 Absence of Interferon in Lungs from Fatal Cases of Influenza National Institute for Medical Research, Mill Hill, London Interferon and Influenza, S Baron and A Isaacs, January 1962
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From page 98... ...
98 PANDEMIC INFLUENZA RESEARCH (Slides available on accompanying CD)
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