Rising Above the Gathering Storm Energizing and Employing America for a Brighter Economic Future (2007) / Chapter Skim
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Undergraduate, Graduate, and Postgraduate Education in Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Undergraduate, Graduate, and Postgraduate Education in Science, Engineering, and Mathematics
Pages 342-356
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. And even though the proportion of its population who attends graduate school is small, because of its large population China graduates three times as many engineers from its colleges as does the United States.
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NSB 04-01. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation, 2004.
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Table 2-8. This table was based on US Department of Education, Completions Survey; National Science Foundation, Division of Science Resources Statistics, WebCASPAR database system, available at: http://caspar.nsf.gov/; and US Bureau of the Census, Population Division.
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NSB 04-01. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation, 2004.
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of their graduate programs to determine whether these programs are meeting the interests of students in preparing them for diverse careers in academe, industry, government, and the nonprofit sector. Postdoctoral Training • Develop federal policies and standards for postdoctoral fellows supported on federal research grants, including letters of appointment, performance evaluations, benefits and leave, and stipend support.
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Are the students being turned away any less good than those who stay? Evidence indicates that undergraduates who opt out of S&E programs are among the most highly qualified college entrants.2 Can the United States afford to turn away talented students interested in these fields?
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4National Science Foundation, National Science Board. The Science and Engineering Workforce: Realizing America's Potential.
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In engineering, for example, the emphasis on increased skill in communications, business, the social sciences, cross-cultural studies, and important technologies has meant that the first professional degree should not be at the baccalaureate but at the master's level, as is the case in business, law, and medicine. Options for the federal government include the following: • Direct the National Science Foundation to fund professional science master's programs at institutions that demonstrate innovative approaches
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However, the large numbers of foreign students in US graduate schools may have the effect of discouraging US students from pursuing this educational pathway because the rapidly increasing number of students has diminished the relative rewards of becoming a scientist or engineer.6 US colleges and universities have an important role to play in encouraging more US students to pursue graduate education in science, engineering, and mathematics. The federal government helps support graduate education through research assistantships funded through federal research project grants, fellowship and traineeship programs, and student loans (see Figure HE-5)
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NSB 04-01. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation, 2004.
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SOURCE: National Science Foundation. Survey of Earned Doctorates 2003.
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Survey of Doctoral Recipients 2003. Arlington, VA: National Science Foundation, 2005.
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• Require institutions applying for federal grants to report on the size, scope, and performance (student completion rates and career outcomes) of their graduate programs to determine whether these programs are meeting the interests of students in preparing them for diverse careers in academe, industry, government, and the nonprofit sector.9 • Provide graduate student stipends competitive with opportunities in other venues.10 • Direct the National Science Foundation to expand its data collection on S&E careers and its research into national and international workforce dynamics.11 Postdoctoral Training For more than 2 decades, an increasing percentage of new PhD recipients have been pursuing postdoctoral study instead of employment after graduation.
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SOURCE: National Science Foundation. Survey of Earned Doctorates 2002.
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From page 356... ...
SOURCE: National Science Foundation. Survey of Earned Doctorates 2002.
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