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Appendix C Status of Countermeasure and Technology Readiness Levels
Pages 97-114

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From page 97...
... C Status of Countermeasure and Technology Readiness Levels Appendix C lists the 183 projected deliverables from NASA's Bioastronautics Roadmap (BR)
From page 98...
... 98 9 Implementation alidation V Flight ulation Sim 78 Flight Space x x 6 esting T Clinical 5 Concept of Proof x x ulation rm Fo 4 measure Counter x Hypothesis Ranking Ranking 3 alidated V x Studies CRL TRL y Preliminar x 12 Definition x x x wn Unkno x x x es y options gimens therap re gies Risk measures strate and loss treatment Countermeasur modalities itnessf of vity and replacement design Healing gra bone Fracture screening ojected icial and w ercise Fracture elopmentv Biophysical Cre Ex Hormone Nutrition Pharmacological Rehabilitation Spacesuit Artif Biomechanical pharmacological Ultrasound Minimize De itle/Pr Loss T · · · · · · · · · · · · · Bone Impaired Risk 1 2
From page 99...
... 99 x x x x x x x x x x x x flight mass in testing conditioning ertebral ascular program agents Contaminants and testing Dysrhythmias ersionv V cardiac contaminants countermeasure in-flight Interv and countermeasure xposuree fect ater af W and itnessf cardio and g ercisexe possible ev ormationF solubility Cardiac that edv and of Cardiac icial Air Joints to Impro Nutrition Pharmacological Urine Electrical Nutritional Pharmaceutical Pre-flight Stone Artif Drugs function Impro for Identify · · · · · · · · · · · · Injury Structures Renal Occurrence Diminished Function Limits 3 4 5 6 7
From page 100...
... 100 9 Implementation alidation V Flight ulation Sim 78 Fight Space x 6 esting T Clinical x x 5 Concept of Proof ulation rm Fo 4 measure Counter x Hypothesis Ranking Ranking 3 alidated V Studies CRL TRL y Preliminar x x x 12 Definition wn Unkno x x and kits es ers screening mark Infections detection susceptibility immunizations ganism w ic agents Countermeasur surrogate cre actors:F of of systems pathogen diagnostic/detection microor proteins ojected inition Among y Dysfunction Def Prediction Detection Antimicrobial Fusion Molecular system Molecular athogen-specifP Pre-flight itle/Pr T · · · · · · · · · Immune Interaction Malignanc Risk 8 9
From page 101...
... 101 x x x x x x x x x x x x technology Endurance entions Host and ercisexe entions monitoring and ication ercisexe Muscle interv entions entions to ercisexe interv vity interv vity interv identif screening Strength, microbial gra endurance gra Microbes resistance edv resistance in icial vy icial vy Muscle, Susceptibility Microbial Pre-flight In-flight Artif Hea Pharmacological Biophysical Impro Nutritional Artif Hea Pharmacological · · · · · · · · · · · · Alterations Interaction Reduced Increased Damage 10 11 12
From page 102...
... 102 9 Implementation alidation V Flight ulation Sim 78 Flight Space 6 esting T Clinical 5 Concept of Proof x ulation rm Fo 4 measure Counter x Hypothesis Ranking Ranking 3 alidated V Studies CRL TRL y Preliminar x x x x x x 12 Definition wn Unkno x es for ementsv interior training displays mo idelityf Capability Landing vities landing pre-adaptation orientation Countermeasur and, head ic acti tests design capability visual techniques training teleoperator in-flight Entry ev ability ojected vity-specif ehicularv VR Sensory-Motor orkstation/spacecraft aluate Flight, Auto-land Re-adaptation W architecture Impro Gra techniques Pre-flight intra using Pre-flight simulator Spatial Ev rehearsals itle/Pr T · · · · · · · · · Impaired During Risk 13
From page 103...
... 103 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x for After ic a for (lunar) as -specifg tests icits vision method pre-adaptation def requirements implementing system Capability pre-adaptation ic suits ev compliance ic techniques and A in-flight post-flight medication system food (Mars)
From page 104...
... 104 9 Implementation alidation V Flight ulation Sim 78 Flight Space 6 esting T Clinical 5 Concept of Proof ulation rm Fo 4 measure Counter Hypothesis Ranking Ranking 3 alidated V Studies CRL TRL y Preliminar 12 Definition wn Unkno x x x x x x es for criteria monitoring reliable procedures medications and of and health treatment Medicine Countermeasur capabilities dose care, entionv screening raumaT medications and in Space of Pre in-flight of autonomous and ojected and Additional Better More diagnostics, Illness Autonomous monitoring Shielding Alterations itle/Pr T · · · · eryv · · Monitory Major Pharmacology Deli Risk 17 18 19
From page 105...
... 105 x x x x x x x x x x and kit training monitoring support support Maintenance diagnostics protocols rehabilitation medical telemedicine countermeasures ev ev medical echnologies,T and medical medical medical ular medical Mars ercisexe ev Care xtensie xtensie on estibv edv rainingT xtensie Informatics, Systems Skill More More capabilities On-board Neuro Impro Autonomous Self-administered Autonomous system More Autonomous ulatory · · · · · · · · · · Amb Rehabilitation Medical Support Medical 20 21 22 23
From page 106...
... 106 9 Implementation alidation V Flight ulation Sim 78 Flight Space 6 esting T Clinical 5 Concept of Proof ulation rm Fo 4 measure Counter x Hypothesis Ranking Ranking 3 alidated V x x x x x Studies CRL TRL y Preliminar 12 Definition x x wn Unkno x es Poor vioral to to beha due detection selection due adaptability by manage of training self-assessment to wmember early diagnosis ailureF team ev Countermeasur plans ailureF ation cre and performance and model during ev ev criteria Problems ability observ remote cogniti Adaptation edv ev ev ojected vidual vidual vioral Performance Indi enhancement Indi Monitoring Predicti Select-in Performance Greater specialists Impro uncooperati Impro Impro itle/Pr T · · · · · · · · · Human Psychosocial Human Neurobeha Risk 24 25
From page 107...
... 107 x x x x x x x x x x x x y and stress ev therap skills stress problems of for autonomy medicine Cogniti w manage emotional detect systems systems w critical treatment to cre self-assessment or to vioral Demands aids ev emotional Cre modalities or model ev ev beha askT training requirements analyze enable enable to to to vidualized cogniti and Between Indi algorithms On-board and problems On-board echnologiesT cogniti Predicti Self-monitoring Updated Design communications Onboard oolsT oolsT oolsT · · · · · · · · · · · · Mismatch Capabilities 26
From page 108...
... 108 9 Implementation alidation V Flight ulation Sim 78 Flight Space x x 6 esting T Clinical x x 5 Concept of Proof x x x ulation rm Fo 4 measure Counter x Hypothesis Ranking Ranking 3 alidated V Studies CRL TRL y Preliminar 12 Definition x x x wn Unkno es period tools entions critical performance vice sleep on sleep de tools interv Countermeasur Problems y monitor limits during adjustment shielding lighting to rule sleep-related adjustment therap edv ojected Rhythm Ability Flight operations Model data Personal Non-photic Pharmacological Photic Antioxidants Gene Pharmaceuticals Impro itle/Pr T · · · · · · · · · · · Circadian Carcinogenesis Risk 27 28
From page 109...
... 109 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x x Risks Risks System ous materials issueT materials materials cellular ev cellular cellular Nerv shielding monitoring shielding monitoring shielding monitoring shielding shielding Risk shielding Central generati edv De edv edv Late and Antioxidants Hydrogenous Pharmaceuticals Autonomous Impro Pharmacological protectants Antioxidants Hydrogenous Pharmaceuticals Autonomous Impro Pharmacological protectants and Radiation Antioxidants Hydrogenous Pharmaceuticals Autonomous Impro Pharmacological protectants · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · · Acute Chronic Acute 29 30 31
From page 110...
... 110 9 Implementation alidation V Flight ulation Sim 78 flight Space 6 esting T Clinical x 5 Concept of Proof ulation rm Fo 4 measure Counter x x x Hypothesis Ranking Ranking 3 alidated V x x Studies CRL TRL y Preliminar 12 Definition wn Unkno es analyzer suite detectors gas analyzer of monitor tear ater instrument w ork analyzer ev Countermeasur vironment netw En radiation analysis uted sensiti Quality chemical ojected Quality ater Air External W Distrib Highly Real-time Second-generation On-line suite Microbial itle/Pr T · · · · · · Monitor Monitor Monitor Risk 32 33 34
From page 111...
... 111 x x x x x x x x x x life Life support Life of soft system systems suit of Soil life of contamination entionv alv life of and space ace Control Portable pre rejection suit remo 2 of ood,F surf and and CO of interrogation control methods alv heat in-orbit mass Suits shelf/service aces, remo optical entingv Autonomous Surf Systems Detection via Sampling Automated Space Systems Cleaning/maintenance goods Dust Increased Longer batteries Non Reduced Closed-loop · · grated · vide · · · · · · · Monitor Inte Support Pro Support 35 36 37
From page 112...
... 112 9 Implementation alidation V Flight ulation Sim 78 Flight Space 6 esting T Clinical 5 Concept of Proof ulation rm Fo 4 measure Counter x x x x x x Hypothesis Ranking Ranking 3 alidated V Studies CRL TRL y Preliminar x x x 12 Definition x wn Unkno x x x es system life packaging system Quality importance radiation acceptability support al/reductionv of shelf requirements alv control contaminant and and life w-mass Countermeasur fects Atmosphere ev remo remo utilization 2 ef xtendede arietyv CO identify Quantity psychosocial analysis nutritional to ojected generati edv resource contaminant oodF elopv moisture ined 2 Acceptable Assess Determine De Increase Hazard High-barrier/lo Ref Biore CO Impro Insitu raceT Models load itle/Pr T · · · · · · · · · · · · · Maintain Maintain Risk 38 39
From page 113...
... 113 x x x x x x x x x x x x x x are to 2 adequate aste hardw utilization be aste w aste /CO ater w w 2 Systems module unit O W testbed requirements system might systems 2 meet O resource Support e-PCv greenhouse to Potable Balance collecting transporting processing production and production erv systems situ systems control practice for for for Life in ev cropping ater generati pressure system salad w aste grated ed Reco Thermal w getable W Thermal Current System System System Inte biore Lo Mix Ve Scale requirements Scale meet and Biological Possible Redundant generati · · · · · · · · · · · vide · · · Maintain Manage Biore Pro 40 41 42 43
From page 114...
... 114 9 Implementation alidation v Flight ulation sim 78 flight Space 6 testing Clinical 5 concept of Proof ulation rm fo 4 measure Counter ypothesis h Ranking Ranking 3 alidated V studies CRL TRL y Preliminar x x x x x 12 Definition wn Unkno es tasks modeling and, automated w of Physical Cre task use w physical performance Demands analysis, optimize for Countermeasur Cre askT to Ground, analyze analyzing human to for ojected and design Functions on Between grated vironment Measurement, and en oolsT Inte Data Requirements systems oolsT requirements itle/Pr T · · · · · Mismatch Capabilities Poorly Automation Risk 44 45

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