When I'm 64 (2006) / Chapter Skim
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Part One Committee Report - 1 Overview
Part One Committee Report - 1 Overview
Pages 7-18
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PartOne CommitteeReport
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Will people remain healthy and mentally sharp or suffer from increasing infirmities? Will younger people need to provide care for older people, or will older people be self-sufficient and socially engaged?
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SOURCE: U.S. Census Bureau, International Database.
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To answer those kinds of questions about the older population, knowledge is needed from a wide variety of disciplines and fields in social and behavioral sciences.1 COMMITTEE CHARGE AND APPROACH To help develop that knowledge, the Committee on Aging Frontiers in Social Psychology, Personality, and Adult Developmental Psychology was formed in response to a request from the Behavior and Social Research Program of the National Institute on Aging (NIA)
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However, as life-span psychology emerged and directed attention to normal aging, researchers were increasingly urged to embed individuals in a broad historical, physical, and social context, which involved disciplines and approaches other than those typically considered in the purview of psychology. As cohort differences became increasingly evident, crosssectional age comparisons, absent broader contextual consideration, became suspect.
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The issue, then, for policy makers, as well as researchers, is how to bring about behavioral changes that will result in optimal outcomes for the majority of the population. That is, one essential societal challenge is to help people arrive at old age as mentally sharp and physically fit as possible and with sufficient economic resources.
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The committee sought to identify research opportunities that illuminate fundamental mechanisms and processes in older people that can, in turn, contribute to practical issues in the lives of the nation's current and future older populations. Our search focused on recent developments in the behavioral and social sciences, including behavioral, cognitive, and social neurosciences, which are related to social, personality, and adult developmental psychology.
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Gender, race, social class, and ethnicity affect opportunities, skills, and liabilities across life, and they significantly relate to old age outcomes. In addition to these characteristics and experiences, attitudes, motivation, and dispositions are also major determinants of people's behavior and, thus, of their decisions and further experiences.
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RECOMMENDATION In order to carry out the committee's proposed research program, the committee recommends that the National Institute on Aging provide support for research infrastructure in psychology and methods devel opment in aging research, including interdisciplinary and multilevel approaches, in order to make progress in each of the other recom mended areas more likely and more rapid. Currently, the Behavioral and Social Research Program at NIA recognizes the need for aggressive strategies to encourage researchers at universities work across disciplines, as does the National Institutes of Health (NIH)
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In order to facilitate collaboration between disciplines, funding mechanisms need to provide for sustained contact between researchers in different disciplines and mutual education in the approaches of each discipline. This could be done at the level of individual researchers, through paired career awards, or at the level of centers, modeled on the R24 infrastructure grants2 or on the grants for transdisciplinary centers.3 In addition, to further encourage developing methods and sharing methods across disciplines, we encourage funding for technical assistance workshops and short courses.
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The four shorter papers discuss methodology and measurement, as described above. The final paper presents additional ideas about the kinds of research funding mechanisms that would facilitate carrying out the committee's research recommendations.
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