Review of NASA Plans for the International Space Station (2006) / Chapter Skim
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2 Process for Defining ISS Utilization
2 Process for Defining ISS Utilization
Pages 8-14
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· Exploration Systems Architecture Study (ESAS) Technology Assessment, an internal study utilizing a formalized decision analysis methodology, whose goal was to identify and enable key technologies required for the exploration systems architecture.
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reducing R&D or operations demonstrations can be conducted, these tasks must be migrated to a new ISS utilization plan as soon as possible if there is to be any chance of carrying them out. Third, none of the planning, prioritization, or utilization studies that the panel was shown appeared to have fully and thoroughly aligned ISS utilization with the needs of the exploration missions as expressed in the ESAS Technology Assessment.
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Recommendation: As has been discussed elsewhere,2 the characterization of risk should be clearly communicated, along with concrete go/no-go criteria for missions, so as to achieve a rational and supportable allocation of ISS resources. USING THE ISS TO SUPPORT EXPLORATION MISSIONS In all the presentations it was clear that the overarching goal was support of exploration missions: a crew exploration vehicle to low Earth orbit (LEO)
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SOURCE: Peter Ahlf, Exploration Systems Mission Directorate, NASA, "ESMD ISS Utilization Requirements Analysis Processes and Results," presentation to the Review of NASA Strategic Roadmaps: Space Station Panel, October 3, 2005, National Research Council, Washington, D.C.
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From page 12... ...
Such a planning effort should explicitly encompass the full development of the Exploration Systems Architecture Study technology requirements, migration of current ISS payloads to meet those requirements, identification of remaining gaps unfilled by current ISS payloads, and the R&D and technology or operations payloads needed to fill those gaps. An iterative process that includes Exploration Systems Mission Directorate stakeholders and the external scientific and technical community should be employed to ensure that the as-flown experiments closely match the integrated ISS utilization plan.
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From page 13... ...
Finding: A rigorous definition of operations demonstrations requirements for exploration missions has not been done, and such requirements are not a part of the exploration utilization plan. Recommendation: Using a rigorous process based on formal prioritization and involvement of the operations community, NASA should develop and maintain a set of operations demonstrations that need to be conducted on the ISS to validate operational protocols and procedures for long-duration and longdistance missions such as the ones to Mars.
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KEEPING THE ISS UTILIZATION PLAN EFFECTIVE AND CURRENT The failure to thoroughly scrutinize the results generated by evaluation tools can be attributed to the short time NASA had to formulate ISS plans and to the state of flux in many areas at NASA. However, the panel strongly believes that some form of ongoing external review would improve NASA's ability to produce an actionable plan for ISS utilization that addresses and solves gaps in knowledge and understanding necessary to successfully complete exploration missions.
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