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Valuing Health for Regulatory Cost-Effectiveness Analysis (2006) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix D Acronyms and Glossary
Pages 316-325

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From page 316...
... D Acronyms and Glossary ACRONYMS ADL Activities of daily living AIS Abbreviated Injury Scale BCA Benefit­cost analysis (same as CBA) CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CEA Cost-effectiveness analysis CFR Code of Federal Regulations COI Cost of illness CPSC Consumer Product Safety Commission CR Category rating CUA Cost-utility analysis DALY Disability-adjusted life year DOT Department of Transportation ELS Equivalent lives saved EOP Executive Office of the President EPA Environmental Protection Agency EQ-5D EuroQoL-5D Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration FMCSA FSIS Food Safety and Inspection Service 316
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From page 317...
... 317 APPENDIX D HALex Health and Limitations Index HALY Health-adjusted life year HRQL Health-related quality of life HSPH Harvard School of Public Health HUI Health Utilities Index HYE Healthy year equivalent MAIS Maximum Abbreviated Injury Scale MILY Morbidity-Inclusive Life Year NASS National Accident Sampling System NHTSA National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration OIRA Office of Information and Regulatory Affairs OMB Office of Management and Budget OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration PCEHM Panel on Cost-Effectiveness in Health and Medicine PTO Person trade-off Quality-adjusted life day QALD QALY Quality-adjusted life year QWB Quality of Well-Being Scale RS Rating scale SAVE Saved young life equivalent SDWA Safe Drinking Water Act SG Standard gamble TSCA Toxic Substances Control Act TTO Time trade-off USC United States Code VAS Visual analogue scale VSL Value of a statistical life VSLY Value of a statistical life year WTP Willingness to pay YHL Years of healthy life
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From page 318...
... Content Validity: The extent to which a measurement covers all aspects of the topic being assessed. Contingent Valuation: A stated preference method that uses surveys to di rectly elicit estimates of individual willingness to pay.
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From page 319...
... DALYs are calculated as disability weights, inverse to quality adjusted life-year weights, assigned to each of 107 categories of health status. Discounting: The process of converting future cost and benefits to a present value under the assumption that individuals generally prefer to re ceive desirable benefits soon and to defer costs, using a rate that reflects the opportunity cost associated with these time preferences.
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From page 320...
... : Summary measures of population health that describe morbidity and mortality with a single index value. Types of HALY measures include quality-adjusted life years, disability-adjusted life years, and healthy-year equivalents.
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From page 321...
... Injury: A form of harm, damage, or loss that can either be physical or mental. Instrumental Activities of Daily Living: An evaluation of independence that generally consists of performing six home management activities: preparing meals, shopping for personal items, managing money, us ing the telephone, doing light house work, and doing heavy house work.
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From page 322...
... Quality-Adjusted Life Year (QALY) : A health outcomes measure used in CEA that integrates the quality of life with length of life using a multiplicative formula, measured on a scale ranging from 0 to 1 that characterizes HRQL.
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From page 323...
... Response Shift: Changing internal standards or values regarding quality of life in a particular state of health based upon experience with that state. Restricted-Activity Days: The number of days a person experiences restric tions in his or her normal activities due to impaired health.
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From page 324...
... Value: Sometimes used narrowly to refer solely to monetary worth or a numerical quantity; this report uses a broader definition that encom passes worth as measured by individual preferences, desirability, use fulness, or importance. Value of a Statistical Life (VSL)
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From page 325...
... Years of Healthy Life (YHL) : A duration of life that is discounted by a fraction between 0 and 1 that estimates the quality of life during a given period.
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Key Terms

  • statistical life
  • health states
  • desirable benefits
  • net benefits
  • state classification

  • cost effectiveness
  • largest net
  • specific definitions
  • analogue scale
  • rational choice

  • value desirable
  • daily living
  • affected population
  • definitions relevant
  • preventable mortality

  • impaired health
  • house work
  • population health
  • health status
  • index values

  • visual analogue
  • disability weights
  • input parameters
  • doing light
  • summary measures

  • normal activities
  • productivity due
  • elicitation method
  • instrumental activities
  • utility scores


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