Dietary Reference Intakes The Essential Guide to Nutrient Requirements (2006) / Chapter Skim
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From page 304... ...
TABLE 1 Dietary Reference Intakes for Copper by Life Stage Group DRI values (mg/day) EARa RDAb AIc ULd males females males females Life stage group NDe 0 through 6 mo 200 7 through 12 mo 220 ND 1 through 3 y 260 260 340 340 1,000 4 through 8 y 340 340 440 440 3,000 9 through 13 y 540 540 700 700 5,000 14 through 18 y 685 685 890 890 8,000 19 through 30 y 700 700 900 900 10,000 31 through 50 y 700 700 900 900 10,000 51 through 70 y 700 700 900 900 10,000 > 70 y 700 700 900 900 10,000 Pregnancy £ 18 y 785 1,000 8,000 19 through 50 y 800 1,000 10,000 Lactation £ 18 y 985 1,300 8,000 19 through 50 y 1,000 1,300 10,000 a EAR = Estimated Average Requirement.
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From page 305... ...
PART III: COPPER 305 COPPER C opper functions as a component of several metalloenzymes, which act as oxidases in the reduction of molecular oxygen. The activities of some copper metalloenzymes have been shown to decrease in human copper depletion.
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From page 306... ...
DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 306 • Copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu/Zn SOD) , which defends against oxidative damage; mutations in the Cu/Zn SOD gene, which alter the protein's redox behavior, produce amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (Lou Gehrig's disease)
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From page 307... ...
PART III: COPPER 307 1 through 18 y Extrapolation from adult EAR 19 through 50 y Plasma copper, serum ceruloplasmin, and platelet copper con centrations and erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity 51 through > 70 y Extrapolation from 19 through 50 y Pregnancy £ 18 y Adolescent female EAR plus fetal accumulation of copper 19 through 50 y Adult female EAR plus fetal accumulation of copper Lactation £ 18 y Adolescent female EAR plus average amount of copper secreted in human milk 19 through 50 y Adult female EAR plus average amount of copper secreted in human milk The UL The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL) is the highest level of daily nutrient intake that is likely to pose no risk of adverse effects for almost all people.
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From page 308... ...
DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 308 copper, such as organ meats, grains, and cocoa products, as well as foods rela tively low in copper, but which are consumed in substantial amounts, such as tea, potatoes, milk, and chicken. Dietary Supplements According to U.S.
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From page 309... ...
PART III: COPPER 309 TABLE 2 Potential Interactions with Other Dietary Substances Substance Potential Interaction Notes SUBSTANCES THAT AFFECT COPPER Zinc Zinc (at very high intakes) This usually only occurs at intakes well in excess of may decrease copper the amount of zinc normally found in the diet.
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From page 310... ...
DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 310 Special Considerations Individuals susceptible to adverse effects: Liver damage in humans due to ex cess intake of copper is observed almost exclusively in individuals with Wilson's disease, idiopathic copper toxicosis (ICT) , and children with Indian childhood cirrhosis (ICC)
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From page 311... ...
PART III: COPPER 311 KEY POINTS FOR COPPER Copper functions as a component of several metalloenzymes, 3 which act as oxidases in the reduction of molecular oxygen. The requirements for copper are based on a combination of 3 indicators, including plasma copper and ceruloplasmin concentrations, erythrocyte superoxide dismutase activity, and platelet copper concentration in controlled human depletion/ repletion studies.
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