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Pages 370-379

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From page 370...
... TABLE 1 Dietary Reference Intakes for Potassium by Life Stage Group DRI values (g/day) AIa ULb Life stage groupc 0 through 6 mo 0.4 7 through 12 mo 0.7 1 through 3 y 3.0 4 through 8 y 3.8 9 through 13 y 4.5 14 through 18 y 4.7 19 through 30 y 4.7 31 through 50 y 4.7 51 through 70 y 4.7 > 70 y 4.7 Pregnancy £18 y 4.7 19 through 50 y 4.7 Lactation £18 y 5.1 19 through 50 y 5.1 a AI = Adequate Intake.
From page 371...
... PART III: POTASSIUM 371 POTASSIUM T he mineral potassium is the main intracellular cation in the body and is required for normal cellular function. The ratio of extracellular to intra cellular potassium affects nerve transmission, muscle contraction, and vascular tone.
From page 372...
... DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 372 concentration of extracellular potassium can greatly affect the ratio between extracellular and intracellular potassium. This, in turn, affects neural transmis sion, muscle contraction, and vascular tone.
From page 373...
... PART III: POTASSIUM 373 levels, reduce the adverse effects of sodium chloride intake on blood pressure, reduce the risk of recurrent kidney stones, and possibly decrease bone loss. Special Considerations African Americans: Because African Americans have lower intakes of potassium and a higher prevalence of elevated blood pressure and salt sensitivity, this population subgroup would especially benefit from an increased intake of potassium.
From page 374...
... DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 374 Pregnancy £ 18 through 50 y Age-specific value Lactation £ 18 through 50 y Age-specific values + average amount of potassium estimated in breast milk during the first 6 months (0.4 g/day) The UL The Tolerable Upper Intake Level (UL)
From page 375...
... PART III: POTASSIUM 375 TABLE 2 Potential Interactions with Other Dietary Substances Substance Potential Interaction Notes POTASSIUM AFFECTING OTHER SUBSTANCES Sodium Potassium bicarbonate Supplemental potassium bicarbonate mitigates the chloride mitigates the pressor effect effects of dietary sodium chloride. The effects seem to of sodium chloride.
From page 376...
... DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 376 Processed foods and unprocessed foods differ in their composition of con jugate anions, which in turn, can affect bone mineralization. In unprocessed foods, the conjugate anions of potassium are mainly organic anions, such as citrate, which are converted in the body to bicarbonate.
From page 377...
... PART III: POTASSIUM 377 potassium) in people with an impaired ability to excrete potassium.
From page 378...
... DRIs: THE ESSENTIAL GUIDE TO NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS 378 KEY POINTS FOR POTASSIUM ✓ Potassium is the main intracellular cation in the body and is required for normal cellular function. The ratio of extracellular to intracellular potassium levels affects neural transmission, muscle contraction, and vascular tone.
From page 379...
... PART III: POTASSIUM 379 Chronic consumption of high levels of potassium can lead to 3 hyperkalemia in people with an impaired ability to excrete potassium, The most serious potential effect of hyperkalemia is cardiac arrhythmia. Elderly individuals are often at increased risk of hyperkalemia.

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