Guidelines for the Humane Transportation of Research Animals (2006) / Chapter Skim
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2 Regulations and Guidelines for the Transportation of Research Animals
2 Regulations and Guidelines for the Transportation of Research Animals
Pages 11-32
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From page 11... ...
. The first section of the chapter focuses on national and the second on international transportation regulatory agencies, their responsibilities and their regulations.
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X* Etiologic Agent Import Permit Program (EAIPP)
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REGULATIONS AND GUIDELINES FOR TRANSPORTATION 13 (Interstate, Mice Rats (Interstate, All (Interstate, Wildlife (Interstate, (or Endangered/Threatened (Interstate, Zoonotic/Infectious Live (Interstate, Zoonotic/Infectious Animal (Interstate, Radioactive/Poisonous Live (Interstate, Radioactive/Poisonous Animal Other products of of Animals Animals genus genus (or Products Products Warm-blooded Import, Import, Import, products Import, Import, Import, Import, Import, Mus Rattus thereof) with Containing with Containing Export)
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From page 14... ...
, primary transportation enclosure, primary conveyance, food and watering requirements during transportation, terminal facilities, care in transit, and handling. The AWA contains standards for different groups of similar species, with separate rules for transporting dogs and cats, guinea pigs and hamsters, rabbits, nonhuman primates, marine mammals, and all other covered warm-blooded animals.
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From page 15... ...
Wildlife being transported through the United States to a final international destination does not require declaration to FWS, unless it is listed as an injurious (50 CFR 16) , endangered, or threatened species (50 CFR 17 and 50 CFR 222-224)
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From page 16... ...
The various permit application forms are too numerous to describe here, but are listed in detail at the FWS Permit Website: http://www.fws.gov/permit The ESA also establishes FWS as the entity responsible for administering the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
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Ateles geoffroyi frontatus (Central American Pan troglodytes (wild chimpanzee) spider monkey)
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CDC regulates importation through permitting, registration, and quarantine; it does not regulate the welfare or care of the animals. Importation of Live Animals CDC regulates the importation of dogs, cats, turtles, nonhuman primates, and other animals.
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Under the Federal Quarantine Regulations (42 CFR 71.53) , people importing nonhuman primates for research purposes must register with the CDC DGMQ and must · Certify that imported nonhuman primates will be used only for bona fide science, education, or exhibition; · Implement disease control measures to minimize human exposure to the animals during transportation, isolation, and quarantine; · Isolate each shipment of nonhuman primates for 31 days, monitor the animals for illness, test for tuberculosis, maintain records regarding illness and death, and test for filovirus infection in shipments where illness or death occurs during the quarantine period; · Report suspected zoonotic illness to CDC; and, · Maintain records regarding the distribution of each shipment (NRC, 2003a)
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An infectious substance is defined by DOT as a material known to contain or suspected of containing a pathogen, including a virus, microorganism, or prion that has the potential to cause disease in humans or animals. Live animals that contain an infectious substance are required to be transported under terms and conditions approved by PHMSA's Associate Administrator for Hazardous Materials Safety.
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From page 21... ...
The exceptions are too numerous to describe here, but persons interested in shipping hazardous materials, including infectious, poisonous, or radioactive animal products or live infectious animals, should contact PHMSA's Hazardous Materials Information Center to determine whether shipment would be subject to the requirements of the HMR or visit their website online at: http://hazmat.dot.gov/ PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE Institutions that are funded by Public Health Service (PHS) funds are subject to the PHS Policy on the Humane Care and Use of Laboratory Animals (commonly referred to as the PHS Policy)
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For example, the California Department of Health Services requires a permit to transport nonhuman primates into the state. Links to the regulations have been organized by the USDA APHIS Veterinary Services at: http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/sregs/ State regulations that pertain specifically to wildlife are found at: http://offices.fws.gov/statelinks.html The committee recommends that people arranging transportation of research animals consult those websites, particularly when arranging for transportation of animals between research institutions.
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The Air Cargo Tariff book, published by the International Air Transport Association, is a source of information on international documentation and import requirements, though one should be aware that the information can change rapidly and requirements may be specific to a province or region. The committee suggests that the person(s)
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CITES-listed species can be imported or exported only through the following designated ports in the United States: Anchorage, AK Louisville, KY Atlanta, GA Memphis, TN Baltimore, MD Miami, FL Boston, MA Newark, NJ Chicago, IL New Orleans, LA Dallas-Fort Worth, TX New York, NY Honolulu, HI Portland, OR Houston, TX San Francisco, CA Los Angeles, CA Seattle, WA Nonhuman primates are the group of CITES species most commonly used in biomedical research in the United States. As shown in Table 2-5, wild-caught species of nonhuman primates are in both Appendix I and Appendix II.
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Practically speaking, this means that, with rare exception, nonhuman primates bred for research in the United States cannot attain the designation of `bred in captivity.' INTERNATIONAL CIVIL AVIATION ORGANIZATION The International Civil Aviation Organization (ICAO) , an agency of the United Nations, publishes Technical Instructions for the Safe Transport of Dangerous Goods by Air biannually (currently the 2005-2006 edition)
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not listed in Alouatta pigra (Mexican black howler monkey) Appendix I Ateles geoffroyi frontatus (black-foreheaded spider monkey)
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Live Animals Regulations The LARs are applicable to air transportation companies that are members of IATA. Persons or organizations that ship live animals by IATA-member airlines, whether as cargo or as baggage, must comply with the LARs in their entirety.
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, which aims to harmonize animal health standards and thus reduce their dampening effect on international trade. The main goals of the OIE are: · To ensure transparency in the global animal disease and zoonosis situation; · To collect, analyze, and disseminate scientific veterinary information; · To provide expertise and encourage international solidarity in the control of animal diseases; · Within its mandate under the WTO SPS Agreement, to safeguard world trade by publishing health standards for international trade in animals and animal products; · To improve the legal framework and resources of national veterinary services; and · To provide a better guarantee of the safety of food of animal origin and to promote animal welfare through a science-based approach.
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Several years after OIE's founding, its member countries decided to give animal welfare high priority and to include it in their 2001-2005 strategic plan. Although OIE had not been specifically mandated by the WTO SPS to protect animal welfare, the OIE's status as the international authority on animal health and zoonoses and the member countries' strong need for guidelines to assist them in conducting bilateral negotiations led the member countries to the conclusion that OIE should provide international leadership in protecting the welfare of imported animals.
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Council Regulation 1/2005 was passed in January 2005 and will introduce new rules that will apply directly to each member state effect 2007. These rules introduce changes to improve animal welfare and enforcement, but do not change the maximum journey times that apply through the current Directive.
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to be imported or http://www.fws.gov/permits/ required exported considered wildlife applicationmain.shtml (including all CITES-listed species Comply with CDC Foreign and nonhuman primates)
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Animals. Is the animal to be transported Submit written request for No action within the United States a permission from Listed Animal required nonhuman primate, African Permit Official at FDA's Center rodent, civet, turtle of carapace for Veterinary Medicine.
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