Review and Assessment of the Health and Productivity Benefits of Green Schools An Interim Report (2006) / Chapter Skim
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3 Ventilation, Pollutant Source Control, Health, and Performance
3 Ventilation, Pollutant Source Control, Health, and Performance
Pages 26-33
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From page 26... ...
The following sections address some aspects of indoor air quality and pollutant source control, ventilation rates, and moisture management in HVAC systems. The committee plans to address additional issues related to HVAC systems, including temperature and humidity, in its final report.
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From page 27... ...
. Second, outdoor sources of pollution can contribute to indoor air pollutant concentrations through several routes: outdoor air is drawn into a school building by the ventilation system through air intakes located at the rooftop, at ground level, or from belowgrade "wells." Outside air also enters the building through doors and windows and through leaks in the building envelope.
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From page 28... ...
School-Related Studies Mendell and Heath (2004) looked at the literature and found · Suggestive, although not fully consistent, evidence linking low outdoor ventilation rates in buildings to decreased performance in children and adults, and · Suggestive but inconsistent evidence linking lower ventilation rates with decreased attendance among adults.
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From page 29... ...
. Reduced temperature at increased ventilation rate increased work rate in a test of logical thinking (p < .03)
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From page 30... ...
The ventilation rate studies reported relative risks of 1.1 to 6 for building-related symptoms for low compared to high ventilation rates. VENTILATION AND HEALTH Ventilation and health in nonindustrial indoor environments were the subjects of a European Multidisciplinary Scientific Consensus Meeting (EUROVEN)
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From page 31... ...
Wyon showed that during realistic experimental exposures lasting up to 5 hours, the performance of simulated office work was significantly increased (by approximately 6 percent to 9 percent) by the removal of common indoor sources of air pollution, such as floor-coverings, old supply air filters, and personal computers, or by keeping the sources in place while increasing the clean air ventilation rate from 3 to 30 l/s per person.
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From page 32... ...
Indoor environments contain varying quantities of allergens from a variety of sources: house dust mites, cat and dog dander, cockroaches, rodents, and seasonal pollens. Indoor concentrations of particulates and various gaseous pollutants (ozone, NO2, VOCs)
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From page 33... ...
standards for ventilation rates may be the minimal acceptable standard for green schools, there is good evidence that increasing the ventilation rate beyond the ASHRAE standard will further improve comfort and productivity. However, an upper limit on the ventilation rates, indicating when the benefits of outside air begin to decline, has not been established.
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