Gulf War and Health Volume 5: Infectious Diseases (2007) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 9-18
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From page 9... ...
The war was considered to be a successful military operation, and there were few injuries and deaths. Shortly after returning to the United States, a number of veterans started reporting a variety of symptoms -- fatigue, headache, muscle and joint pain, sleep disturbances, and cognitive difficulties (Persian Gulf Veterans Coordinating Board 1995)
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to conduct a study to evaluate the scientific literature on chemical, biologic, and physical agents to which military personnel in the gulf were potentially exposed and possible long-term adverse health outcomes. In addition, Congress passed two laws in 1998 -- the Persian Gulf War Veterans Act (PL 105-277)
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· The following low-level nerve agents and precursor compounds at exposures below those which produce immediately apparent incapacitating symptoms: o Sarin o Tabun · The following synthetic chemical compounds: o Mustard agents at exposures below those which cause immediate blistering o Volatile organic compounds o Hydrazine o Red fuming nitric acid o Solvents · The following sources of radiation: o Depleted uranium o Microwave radiation o Radio frequency radiation · The following environmental particulates and pollutants: o Hydrogen sulfide o Oil fire byproducts o Diesel heater fumes o Sand micro-particles · Diseases endemic to the region (including the following) : o Leishmaniasis o Sand fly fever o Pathogenic Escherichia coli o Shigellosis · Time compressed administration of multiple live, ``attenuated'' and toxoid vaccines
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From page 13... ...
VA is also concerned about potential long-term adverse health outcomes of infectious diseases in veterans of OEF and OIF. As of October 2005, about 1.2 million US troops have been deployed to OEF or OIF (see Figure 1.2)
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The committee then determined which of the endemic infectious diseases are known to have long-term adverse health outcomes. To determine which infectious diseases to review in depth, the committee took several factors into account, including which ones were diagnosed in military personnel who served in the Gulf War, OEF, or OIF and in veterans after they returned home, as well as the prevalence of the infectious diseases in southwest and southcentral Asia compared with their prevalence in the United States.
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From page 16... ...
ORGANIZATION OF THE REPORT Chapter 2 lays out the committee's process for selecting the infectious diseases to study and reviewing and evaluating the evidence on them. Chapter 3 presents, in tabular format, the endemic infectious diseases of southwest and south-central Asia that are known to have longterm adverse health outcomes.
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From page 17... ...
2005. Presentation to IOM Committee on Gulf War and Health: Infectious Diseases.
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