River Science at the U.S. Geological Survey (2007) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
Appendix A - Valuing River Ecosystem Services
Appendix A - Valuing River Ecosystem Services
Pages 151-156
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 151... ...
. Thus, the social sciences of economics, policy planning, and management are as relevant to river science as the natural sciences.
|
From page 152... ...
The low flow stage of the river in summer months is an example; however, changes in low summer flows influence many ecosystem services and the effect of increasing summer flows may depend simultaneously on the level of other factors. The integrated nature of river systems means that ecosystem production functions are not only hard to estimate, but may be an inappropriate concept for river ecosystems.
|
From page 153... ...
This is a good example of the opportunity cost valuation method being used in conjunction with river science to arrive at the effective cost of reducing a given pollution level. As an example of indirect valuation, river ecosystems have a significant role in reducing the risk of flooding and other water-based risks such as hurricane surges.
|
From page 154... ...
154 APPENDIX A ence them. For example, in the debate over whether to allow drilling for hydrocarbons in the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge, a miniscule percentage of those opposed to drilling have, or will ever, actually visit the refuge.
|
From page 155... ...
155 APPENDIX A offs predicted by the model. An alternative approach is to define a recursive utility function.
|
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.