Successful Response Starts with a Map Improving Geospatial Support for Disaster Management (2007) / Chapter Skim
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5 Guidelines for Geospatial Preparedness
5 Guidelines for Geospatial Preparedness
Pages 133-144
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From page 133... ...
It seemed to the committee that it would be useful at this stage of the report to assemble a set of guidelines, based on presentations to the committee and the content of previous chapters, that could be used by agencies seeking to improve their levels of geospatial preparedness. The chapter has been assembled by members of the committee with particular experience in emergency operations and presents a series of potential solutions to the issues encountered in the previous chapters.
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From page 134... ...
At the local level, relationships must be established with geospatial professionals at the county and state levels to ensure that a coordinated approach is developed for the sharing of data prior to an event and for the distribution of products during an event. In addition, a methodology for obtaining regular inventories of useful local, county, state, and federal data must be established through the data custodians.
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From page 135... ...
In particular, federal government organizations intending to provide geospatial services for an area need to coordinate their activities better with state, county, and municipal GIS coordinators as well as their emergency management counterparts to save time and resources and to eliminate duplication. In most cases, this coordination can be best done by working through the state GIS coordinator.
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From page 136... ...
Where possible, having geospatial professionals that can be used in a team to complement efforts at or near the incident site can be extremely valuable both to provide responders with detailed geospatial information and to retrieve incidentrelated data from the site. These teams should be equipped at a minimum with data, hardware, and software.
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From page 137... ...
Access to data should, where practical, extend from the local government up to county, state, and federal governments. State GIS coordinators should be involved in the process of developing a system to access those data easily and quickly for emergency response activities.
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From page 138... ...
Work closely with local governments and utilities and other private-sector data sources to establish good relationships to share data. Where required, establish legal agreements to obtain access to and use of data required from local governments for emergency response use.
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From page 139... ...
Therefore, DHS must have some of the same skill sets that 21st century companies in the private sector have to routinely track, monitor and dispatch commodities where they are needed. Our first step for strengthening FEMA will be to create a 21st cen tury logistics management system that will require the establishment of a logistics supply chain, working with other federal agencies in the private sector.
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From page 140... ...
· Establish agreements and standard operating procedures to acquire digital images via state, county, municipal, or private-sector helicopters, et cetera, within one hour of an event and covering impacted sites. Digital pictures taken from a helicopter can provide valuable insight into the extent of an incident for emergency managers.
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From page 141... ...
Traditionally, a number of reasons cause delay in providing geospatial information, including gathering the team, locating the incident, and creating maps to portray its location, extent, and impact. If this information is to be included and to be of value in early decision making, the geospatial team must deliver certain standard products to the emergency managers rapidly when they are establishing their initial strategies.
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From page 142... ...
The goal of the team should be production of maps within the first hour after the event occurs or shortly thereafter. In New York State, an application has also been built to allow emergency managers to query geospatial information and obtain maps and reports through a web application without any significant technical expertise.
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From page 143... ...
It must allow local, county, state, and federal governments to post and retrieve data without significant restrictions during an emergency. Whatever mechanism is chosen, it should be coordinated through the state, county, and local GIS coordinators.
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From page 144... ...
Communication systems are often interrupted during disasters. Establishing a backup satellite communications system to transmit voice and geospatial data can be extremely useful to obtain reports quickly from the field and to transmit information to other locations around the state or the country.
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