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Climate in Earth History Studies in Geophysics (1982) / Chapter Skim
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14 The Artic Ocean and Post-Jurassic Paleoclimatology
Pages 133-138

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From page 133...
... . Because atmospheric circulation largely is generated by the gradients resulting from heat gain at low latitudes and heat loss at high latitudes, the approximate 6 x 106 km2 perennial ice cover of the Arctic Ocean has a profound effect on modern world climate.
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From page 134...
... Explanations for this temperature anomaly are related to pressure anomalies as well as to general atmospheric circulation, An interesting model of world climate and its relationship to astronomical theories of ice ages includes cooling and heating parameters; heat transport; seasonal variation in Arctic ice cover; and a variety of Earth obliquity, eccentricity, and precession factors (Pollard, 1978)
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From page 135...
... Paleogeographic reconstumrions for the pre-Cretaceous Arctic are not knov n in sufficient detail to be of much help. Late Cretaceous-Early Cenozoic Arctic Ocean Maestrichtian and Paleocene deep-sea cores from the Alpha Cordillera of the central Arctic Ocean consist of opaline sediments representing bingenic silica accumulations and document periods of high primary productivity and intensified ~' ft-:( _ ' 4} m - ~ ~ \ c~;3 N~ \ Pi >~.4q`~ ~ /: rat U
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From page 136...
... Theoretical considerabons of an ice-free Arctic Ocean, discussed earlier, strongly suggest the latter, that is, the worldwide temp rate climates of the Cretaceous Paleocene may have been dependent, at least in part, on ice free conditions of the Archc Ocean. Atmospheric gradients generated by heat exchange from high ladLudes to lower latitudes would be significantly lea during ice free Archc rondibons A lower atmospheric gradient along with the genera]
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From page 137...
... The evidence available no longer supports this model. Rather, Late Cenozoic glacial and interglacial stages developed with a constant, central Arctic ice cover.
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From page 138...
... Execution of any of these proposals would seriously affect the Earth's climate, a fact made clear by the record of the Arctic Ocean's ice cover. REFERENCES Aageard, K
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Key Terms

  • ice cover
  • central arctic
  • world climate
  • arctic ice
  • world climates

  • middle cenozoic
  • atmospheric circulation
  • cenozoic arctic
  • cretaceous arctic
  • ocean ice

  • ice rafting
  • ice free
  • ice covered
  • archc ocean
  • late cenozoic

  • sediment record
  • lower latitudes
  • northern hemisphere
  • modern arctic
  • arctic spillover

  • ocean basin
  • ice covers
  • cenozoic sediment
  • ocean sediment
  • spillover model

  • profound effect
  • alternating times
  • cretaceous paleocene
  • middle east
  • thermal gradient


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