Science and Technology in Kazakhstan Current Status and Future Prospects (2007) / Chapter Skim
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4 Technology Transfer
4 Technology Transfer
Pages 73-84
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From page 73... ...
4 Technology Transfer This chapter addresses the efforts of Kazakhstani science and technology (S&T) specialists to develop new and improved goods and services that are of interest to private businesses, government enterprises and service organizations, and consumers, primarily in Kazakhstan but increasingly in other countries as well.
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From page 74... ...
However, there is still a tendency to think of the process in terms of a linear model. Frequently, not enough attention is given to the essential personal interactions and to the related feedback among the participants involved in the entire chain of events if a new or improved process or product is to become a commercial success.
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From page 75... ...
Some Kazakhstani researchers contend that a latent demand for their products is reflected in global trends that indicate clear needs for their products. They believe that if their products have performance or cost attributes that are superior to the products of competitors, there will automatically be a global market.
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From page 76... ...
Kazakhstani companies, (2) international companies that compensate Kazakhstani researchers for acquisition of their know-how, and (3)
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From page 77... ...
However, only one to two international patents per 15,000 Kazakhstani scientists are filed annually. In the near term the domestic market will probably offer more realistic business opportunities for Kazakhstani organizations.
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From page 78... ...
• It is difficult for research institutes to persuade companies to outsource work to them when the companies have more highly qualified specialists than do the institutes in view of the higher pay levels of the companies. Returning to the theme of market pull, Kazakhstani researchers are oriented toward what they know best -- research of interest to them -- not toward addressing problems of interest to potential customers.
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From page 79... ...
This approach should reduce the difficulty in finding markets for products that have been developed by researchers. In addition, the National Innovation Fund of MIT plans to implement the following grant programs to address some of the problems cited above: • A precommercialization program to determine the commercial feasibility of ideas.
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From page 80... ...
Committee members visited the recently opened Alatau Information Technology Park in a special economic zone near Almaty. According to the director, the park had quickly committed 80 percent of its available space to a variety of companies, including Microsoft, Hewlett Packard, Siemens, Cisco Systems, and Kazakhtelecom.
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From page 81... ...
The committee considers such specialists to be particularly important as the research centers and universities struggle to relate to market needs and to navigate the many legal, financial, and other issues that arise in moving technologies toward commercialization. As a starting point, brief training in technology transfer coupled with visits to technology transfer offices in Europe or the United States by aspiring Kazakhstani technology transfer officers should be easy to organize and are recommended, provided the participants in these visits have been clearly designated to assume important technology transfer positions in their home institutions.
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From page 82... ...
• Awareness -- educational efforts to inform potential inventors and research institutions of the new legislation. • Enforcement -- ensuring the effectiveness of administrative and judicial procedures to resolve disputes over ownership in infringement cases.3 INNOVATING FOR PROFIT The foregoing discussion of technology transfer mechanisms and programs reflects key elements of the innovation system that should help the private sector become a more important engine of economic growth for the country by achieving a number of key goals of the government.
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From page 83... ...
• Joint ventures to acquire technological knowledge. The response of the private sector to these and other issues should be analyzed regularly by the Kazakhstani government in its efforts to promote innovation throughout the entire industrial base of the country.
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From page 84... ...
Also of value would be visits by key Kazakhstani specialists to laboratories and technology transfer centers abroad that have particularly good track records in bringing their products to market. They should also visit organizations that have successfully assisted government agencies in incorporating new goods and services into their public-sector programs.
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