Adequacy of Evidence for Physical Activity Guidelines Development Workshop Summary (2007) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
3 Physical Activity, Obesity, and Weight Management
3 Physical Activity, Obesity, and Weight Management
Pages 59-72
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 59... ...
This chapter includes a review of the evidence on effects of physical activity in weight management; a brief discussion of aging, inactivity, and obesity; additional information from epidemiological studies; and a brief summary of major points raised during the group discussion. EFFECTS OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON WEIGHT LOSS, WEIGHT LOSS MAINTENANCE, AND THE PREVENTION OF WEIGHT GAIN Presenter: Joseph E
|
From page 60... ...
. Evidence that Physical Activity Will Alter Energy Balance and Provide Weight Loss Many population studies show that measures of body fat status are lower among those with higher physical activity levels.
|
From page 61... ...
Evidence that Physical Activity Will Benefit Weight Maintenance Among Persons Who Have Lost Weight Qualitative evidence from the National Weight Control Registry (Klem et al., 1997) suggests that the levels of physical activity required to maintain weight following a substantial weight loss are higher than many people realize -- more than 2,500 kcal/week.
|
From page 62... ...
indicates that physical activity levels were substantially higher for those who maintained a weight loss of at least 10 percent of their body weight for 18 months than for those who did not maintain that degree of weight loss.
|
From page 63... ...
(2002) in which men were randomized after weight loss either to control or exercise groups for 6 months, a physical activity energy expenditure of approximately 2,400 kcal/week was associated with the maintenance of weight loss.
|
From page 64... ...
If confirmed, this finding suggests that small amounts of physical activity may be sufficient to maintain the weight of persons who have not recently undergone a period of weight loss.
|
From page 65... ...
Regular physical activity will increase energy expenditure for older people. Maintaining energy balance with aging is critical to prevent obesity and weight regain following successful weight loss.
|
From page 66... ...
The lean sedentary group lost about 1.8 kg after 6 months of training despite increasing their caloric intake, and the obese sedentary men lost about 8 kg after 6 months of the exercise training plus hypocaloric weight loss instruction. Master athletes who discontinued exercise training for 8 weeks experienced a reduction in VO2max of about 15 percent and gained about 0.5 kg, despite reducing their caloric intake by 17 percent.
|
From page 67... ...
Lipid partitioning/utilization Lipid partitioning/utilization Cardiometabolic benefit Cardiometabolic benefit Weight regain Weight regain FIGURE 3-3 Hypothesis: Metabolic adaptations to weight loss with or without aerobic exercise. NOTE: RMR=resting metabolic rate; CHO=carbohydrate; OX=oxidation; LPL=lipoprotein lipase; CPT-1=carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1; GS=glycogen synthase.
|
From page 68... ...
In summary, cohort studies reveal an inverse association between physical activity and BMI, but the effect is relatively small. Physical activity may be more effective in preventing unhealthy weight gain than in producing weight loss.
|
From page 69... ...
2002. Effects of walk ing or resistance training on weight loss maintenance in obese, middle-aged men: A randomized trial.
|
From page 70... ...
2005. A comparison of meal replacements and medication in weight maintenance after weight loss.
|
From page 71... ...
2001. Reduc tions in visceral fat during weight loss and walking are associated with im provements in VO2max.
|
From page 72... ...
The Tromso Study. Arch Intern Med 158(15)
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.