Exploring Organic Environments in the Solar System (2007) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix Glossary
Appendix Glossary
Pages 107-112
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From page 107... ...
The class is typified by benzene, which has a six-carbon ring containing three pairs of alternating single and double bonds. Aromaticity -- A property of the arrangement of chemical bonds in cyclic hydrocarbons which confers enhanced stability to aromatic compounds.
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From page 108... ...
Free radical -- A highly reactive chemical species carrying no charge and having a single unpaired electron in an orbital. Fullerene -- Any of various cagelike molecules that constitute the third form of pure carbon (along with the forms diamond and graphite)
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From page 109... ...
When heated, hydrogen-rich kerogens yield crude oil and hydrogen-poor kerogens yield mainly gas. Kinetic isotope effect -- The effect of a difference in mass between two isotopes of the same element, such as a difference in reaction rate, vapor pressure, or equilibrium constant.
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From page 110... ...
SNC meteorites -- The family of shergottite, nakhlite, and chassignite stony meteorites believed to have originated on Mars. Sputtering -- A phenomenon occurring when energetic ionized particles impinge on the surface of a solid or liquid target, causing the emission of particles and erosion of the surface of a solid.
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From page 111... ...
, strong stellar winds, and irregular brightness variations. Unsaturated hydrocarbons -- Organic molecules containing double or triple bonds between adjacent carbon atoms, creating a possibility for further reactions to introduce additional atoms.
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