Agricultural Water Management Proceedings of a Workshop in Tunisia (2007) / Chapter Skim
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Reaching out to Decision-Makers on Science Matters: Islamic World Academy of Sciences as an Example
Reaching out to Decision-Makers on Science Matters: Islamic World Academy of Sciences as an Example
Pages 3-19
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The Islamic civilisation bloomed between 750 and 1258 AD, in terms of science and technology output among other feats, with a South-North divide in terms of scientific advancement appearing between the Islamic state and the rest of the then world, especially Europe. The flow of knowledge and science through Muslim Spain to Europe (i.e.
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countries lie in the South. FIGURE 2 Brandt's North-South Divide, World Bank Web Site.1 1 Willy Brandt was a 1971 Nobel Peace Prize Winner and the Chairman of the Independent Commission on International Development Issues in 1977.
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The end of World War II also witnessed the creation of a number of international organizations founded to help with reconstruction activities after the war which left Europe almost completely destroyed, many countries bankrupt, and most of the countries of the South eager to gain political independence. Apart from the United Nations and its various off-shoot organizations, a number of regional political groupings were founded.
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* As stated by British Prime Minister Tony Blair in a British national elections campaign speech (1997)
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Oceania Europe Latin 1% 11% America/Caribbean 9% Africa North America 14% 5% Latin America/Caribbean North America Asia Africa Asia Europe 60% Oceania FIGURE 3 World Population, Population Reference Bureau, 2004. The population of OIC-member countries is over 1,300 million.
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Figure 4 shows arable land ratios worldwide. It can be noted that in a number of OIC countries including Egypt, Jordan, the Palestinian National Authority (PNA)
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Central and northern China, northwest and southern India, parts of Pakistan, North Africa, the Middle East and the Arabian Peninsula as well as the Gulf states, are areas with serious water deficits. Oil rich countries in the Middle East have adopted water desalination as the main means of supplementing their fresh water budgets, while other Middle Eastern countries such as Jordan, with no oil resources, are struggling to make ends meet.
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The total GDP of 57 Islamic countries is less than half that of Germany and less than a quarter that of Japan. The First Bottom Line: Global Challenges Are OIC Challenges Notwithstanding some success stories, Organization of the Islamic Conference (OIC)
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hosted the 10th OIC Summit in Putrajaya, Malaysia. The Summit was preceded by the OIC Conference on Science and Technology for Industrial Development in Islamic Countries: Facing the Challenges of Globalisation, which declared Vision 1441 and its objectives as the guiding principles in steering OIC-member countries' S&T efforts for the next two decades.
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The establishment of the Academy was recommended by the OIC Standing Committee on Scientific and Technological Co-operation (COMSTECH) , and approved by the Fourth Islamic Summit, Casablanca, 1984 (The Islamic Academy of Sciences, 1999)
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Formulate standards of scientific performance and attainment, and to award prizes and honors for outstanding scientific achievements to individuals and to centers of excellence in all science and technology disciplines Role The Academy has, since 1986, managed to achieve two primary objectives that form cornerstones in its mission to assist in the development effort within OIC-Member countries. As a policy-making body the Academy has been actively formulating and promoting science and technology policies that help countries streamline national development efforts.
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, Morocco; and • The Third World Academy of Sciences (TWAS) , Italy.
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Such a process ensures that the papers that are presented at the conferences are made available to scientists and decision-makers that are concerned with Third world issues. From 1988 to 1997, the Academy published seven books, which were the proceedings volumes of the annual Academy Conferences.
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25 FIGURE 8 Intelligent outreach. The Future: Think Global Act Local Continued commitment by the IAS to help OIC countries establish strong national academies of sciences; Continued commitment by the IAS to help OIC countries develop and actively implement S&T policies to achieve the parameters set out in Vision 1441; 38 FIGURE 9 The future.
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It presents political decision-makers in both the North and the South with an overview of the problems the world is likely to face in the 21st century. It promulgates the adoption of the Millennium Development Goals and Vision 1441 as yardsticks for development.
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Willy Brandt, The Nobel Peace Prize: 1971. http://nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/peace/laureates/1971/brandt-cv.html The Organization of the Islamic Conference: http://www.oic-oci.org Overview of the Islamic Academy of Sciences, 3rd Edition.
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Zou'bi, Moneef R.: Academies of Science: Defining Principles, TWAS Newsletter Vol.
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