Ethical and Legal Considerations in Mitigating Pandemic Disease Workshop Summary (2007) / Chapter Skim
Currently Skimming:
2 Planning for Pandemic Influenza
2 Planning for Pandemic Influenza
Pages 61-75
The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.
From page 61... ...
government to address these contingencies, said speaker Bruce Gellin, director of the National Vaccine Program Office of HHS. In order to illustrate both the breadth and depth of national pandemic planning, Gellin discussed the overall national strategy, the role of the HHS within that framework, and several specific initiatives undertaken by the National Vaccine Program Office to fulfill that role.
|
From page 62... ...
He noted that HHS planning for pandemic vaccine production is governed by several assumptions. First, it is assumed that the entire global manufacturing capacity for influenza vaccine, currently estimated to be approximately 300 million doses per year, would be devoted to the production of vaccine against a pandemic strain.
|
From page 63... ...
FIGURE 2-1 Stages of federal government response. SOURCE: Gellin (2006)
|
From page 64... ...
Steven Bice, an infectious disease specialist at Battelle Science and Technology International, noted that all responses to pandemic disease are local and advised planners that they should therefore consult with those public health officials "who will have the fight on their shoulders" in a pandemic. Rather than taking part in "a lot of top-down planning and not a lot of listening up," Bice advised the federal government to "start listening very, very carefully to the states and the locals." If they do listen, he said, they will hear that state and local officials would like guidance from the federal government on pandemic planning, including such things as feedback on the results of tabletop exercises or drills to test state and local preparedness.
|
From page 65... ...
. The authors also report on the progress made by member states in developing national influenza pandemic preparedness plans and mechanisms for their implementation at both national and local levels.
|
From page 66... ...
. To avoid the catastrophic consequences that would accompany a worldwide influenza pandemic, these contingency plans should be put in place now, during the inter-pandemic period, instead of waiting for the next one to strike.
|
From page 67... ...
Table 2-1 shows a summary of estimates of potential pandemic impact in Latin America and the Caribbean for 1968-like and 1918-like scenarios which were prepared by country teams during those subregional workshops. After member countries provided draft plans, PAHO carried out a series of self-assessment exercises where NIPPPs were evaluated using a PAHO-developed tool based on WHO's checklist for influenza pandemic preparedness planning (WHO, 2005c)
|
From page 68... ...
Each country delegation had participants from the areas of epidemiology, health services, laboratory diagnosis, immunization, disaster management, emergency preparedness, social communication, veterinary public health, agriculture, and international relations. The main goal of the exercises was for countries to work together in a collective, multidisciplinary, and intersectoral way to improve the preparation and implementation of their various national plans.
|
From page 69... ...
Emergency preparedness, the first core component in the pandemic influenza preparedness planning, is broken down into six main categories, one of which is devoted to a number of specific and fundamental legal and ethical issues as described in Box 2-2. 4 Foursub-regions were assessed: the Andean Area, comprising Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, Peru, and Venezuela; the Southern Cone, comprising Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Paraguay, and Uruguay; Central America, comprising Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama (plus Cuba, Dominican Republic, and Haiti)
|
From page 70... ...
In particular, PAHO is supporting its member states in making national influenza preparedness plans operational at the local level, since National Influenza Preparedness Plans are only as effective as their local contingency plans. One important goal will be to strengthen the core competencies of member states and communities to respond to any public health emergency, as identified through the new IHR.
|
From page 71... ...
. Influenza pandemics have historically taken the world by surprise, leaving minimal time for health services to prepare for the surge in cases and deaths that characterize these events and that make them so disruptive (Glezen, 1996)
|
From page 72... ...
. Despite the tremendous strides that have been made in increasing influenza pandemic preparedness at the national level, a significant challenge remains in bringing preparedness down to the subnational level -- to the policy makers, practitioners, and concerned citizens who will be charged with actually implementing the national plans.
|
From page 73... ...
PAHO, with its 105-year history of working with the countries in the Americas, has laid a solid foundation that can be put to work in preparing for a potential influenza pandemic. By building on its experience of supporting member states in Latin America and the Caribbean, PAHO can be an effective partner in helping them to develop and revise their NIPPPs as well as to consolidate their current achievements (see Box 2-3)
|
From page 74... ...
2006. FluWorkLoss .0: Software and Manual to Aid State and Local Pu�lic Health Officials Estimating the Impact of an Influenza Pandemic on Work Day Loss (Beta Test Version)
|
From page 75... ...
2005. FluSurge 2.0: Software and Manual to Aid State and Local Pu�lic Health Officials and Hospital Administrators in Estimating the Impact of an Influenza Pandemic on Hospital Surge Capacity (Beta Test Version)
|
Key Terms
This material may be derived from roughly machine-read images, and so is provided only to facilitate research.
More
information on Chapter Skim is available.