Ozone Depletion, Greenhouse Gases, and Climate Change (1989) / Chapter Skim
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11 Use of Numerical Models to Project Greenhouse Gas-Induced Warming . . .
11 Use of Numerical Models to Project Greenhouse Gas-Induced Warming . . .
Pages 98-102
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From page 98... ...
ROBERT E DICKINSON National Center for Atmospheric Research The development of numerical models that will accurately predict climatic change caused by greenhouse gases has been a long-term, continuing research effort (Bolin et al., 1986~.
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From page 99... ...
Tropospheric carbon dioxide absorbs 15~ cron radiation from the surface and re-emits at a somewhat colder temperature to higher altitudes, with the differential heat energy remaining below. To the "zeroth" order, the troposphere and surface respond as a coupled slab.
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From page 100... ...
As surface temperatures rise, ice and snow cover diminish unless wintertime precipitation increases enough to maintain them. Less ice and snow cover results in less reflected solar radiation, thus amplifying the warming at the surface and quickening the ice and snow loss.
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From page 101... ...
With respect to the role of permafrost and sea ice modeling, it has been noted that conductive heat flux into frozen ground is large enough during spring and summer to significantly coo} the surface. Reduction of seasonal ice thickness and permanent ice cover should help amplify summertime greenhouse warming in the high latitudes of the Northern Hemisphere, but this hypothesis has not yet been quantitatively tested.
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From page 102... ...
1984. Seasonal cycle experiment on the climate sensitivity due to a doubling of CO2 with an atmospheric general circulation model coupled to a simple mixed layer ocean model.
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