Treatment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder An Assessment of the Evidence (2008) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix C: Measures Used in the Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Appendix C: Measures Used in the Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Pages 169-184
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Appendix C Measures Used in the Assessment of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Table begins on next page.
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and continuous assessment • Five-point Likert ratings of symptom severity (0–4) • Time frames for assessment include: past week, month, or worst month since trauma • Initially validated on combat veterans, subsequently applied in a wide variety of trauma populations including victims of rape, crime, motor vehicle accidents, incest, torture, and cancer (Weathers et al., 2001)
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• F1/I2 most lenient in clinical sample, second in research, clinician rating-based rules most stringent (Weathers et al., 1999) • Explicit reporting and use of several scoring rules recommended • Lenient rules recommended for screening purposes, while stringent rules appropriate for confirming diagnosis or creating case groups (Weathers et al., 1999)
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• Semistructured interview • 15-minute administration by trained lay interviewer • Dichotomous (yes/no) symptom ratings • Does not assess symptom severity, can be used for diagnosis • Requires patient to associate each symptom with a specific traumatic event Davidson Trauma • Assesses DSM-IV PTSD criteria (B–D)
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Sensitivity: community .22; clinical .81–.89, .23–.89 Specificity: community .98, clinical .92–.94, .92–.98 (Kulka et al., 1991) Diagnostic accuracy: 83% • Frequency: 0–68 Internal consistency (alpha)
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Likert rating scales Los Angeles • Assesses for PTSD symptoms and • 17-item PTSD index Symptom Checklist associated features including signs of (LASC) (King et al., distress and functional problems 1995)
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• Total: 35–175 Specificity: .83–.89 (Newman et al., 1996) • Diagnostic cutoff score: 107 (Keane et Diagnostic Accuracy: .9 (Keane et al., 1988)
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checklist of traumatic events • 4-point Likert rating for frequency of PTSD symptoms in the past month and self-ratings of impairment across nine areas of functioning • Validated across several populations, including combat veterans and sexual and nonsexual-assault survivors (Keane et al., 2000) PTSD Checklist • Assesses DSM PTSD diagnostic criteria • Principal components (PCL)
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(Blanchard et al., 1996; Weathers et al., 1993) • Reductions in diagnostic accuracy as symptoms improve and approach threshold for diagnostic criteria (Forbes et al., 2001)
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S) : 10 minute administration • Likert rating scales for criterion symptoms • Dichotomous and continuous assessment • 2-week time frame Symptom • Assesses a broad range of • 9 primary symptom Checklist‑90‑R psychological problems, symptoms of dimensions, 3 global (SCL-90-R)
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• War-Zone-Related PTSD Scale is only SCL-90 PTSD scale that has greater predictive validity than the Global Severity Index (Green, 1991) Sensitivity: .81 Specificity: .98 Kappa: .68 (Keane et al., 1998)
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for the diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder in motor vehicle accident victims. Behaviour Research and Therapy 33:471-475.
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1997. The validation of a self-report mea sure of posttraumatic stress disorder: The posttraumatic diagnostic scale.
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1998. Confirmatory factor analysis of the c linician-administered PTSD scale: Evidence for the dimensionality of posttraumatic stress disorder.
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1999. Psychometric properties of nine scor ing rules for the clinician-administered post-traumatic stress disorder scale.
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