National Land Parcel Data A Vision for the Future (2007) / Chapter Skim
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3 Needs and Benefits
3 Needs and Benefits
Pages 41-56
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From page 41... ...
This also facilitates the process of identifying and reconciling differences in boundary delineation. Likewise, nationally integrated land parcel data have benefits over individual parcel data sets.
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From page 42... ...
NAtIoNAL LAND PARCEL DAtA BOX 3.1 Some of the Potential Benefits of a Multipurpose Cadastre to Each of the Major Types of Users Potential Benefits to Local Governments • Assures that the best available data are used in each public transaction • Avoids conflicts among land records of different public offices • Improves accuracy of real-property assessments • Provides base maps for local planning and preliminary engineering studies • Provides a standardized data base for neighborhood, municipal, county, or regional development plans • Avoids costs of maintaining separate map systems and land-data files • Encourages coordination among separate map systems affecting land • Improves public attitudes toward administration of local government programs Potential Benefits to State Governments • Provides accurate inventories of natural assets • Provides accurate locational references for administration of state regulations such as pollution controls • Accurately locates state ownership or other interests in land • Provides a standardized database for management of public lands • Provides large-scale base maps for siting studies • Simplifies coordination among state and local offices Potential Benefits to the Federal Government • Provides a flow of standardized data for updating federal maps and statistics, e.g., for the federal censuses • Provides a database for monitoring objects of national concern, e.g., agricultural land use and foreign ownership of U.S. real estate • Provides a reliable record of the locations of federal ownerships or other interests in land • Provides standardized records for managing federal assistance to local programs such as housing, community development, and historic preservation Potential Benefits to Private Firms • Produces accurate inventories of land parcels, available as a public record • Produces standard, large-scale maps that can be used for planning, engineering, or routing studies • Speeds administration of public regulations Potential Benefits to Individuals • Provides faster access to records affecting individual rights, especially land title • Clarifies the boundaries of areas restricted by zoning, wetland restrictions, pollution controls, or other user controls • Produces accurate maps that can be used for resolving private interests in the land • Reduces costs of public utilities by replacing present duplicative base-mapping programs • Improves efficiency of tax-supported government services as described earlier in this table SOURCE: NRC, 1983, p.
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From page 43... ...
Although many users were skeptical about how such a system would operate, there was a fairly consistent message that there would be substantial benefits, that this was a necessary function of intergovernmental cooperation, and that it is the right time to move ahead with system design and implementation. While the needs and benefits TABLE 3.1 Representative Job Titles from Web-Based Stakeholder Forum Addressing Coordinator GIS Department Manager Administrator GIS Land Records Supervisor Appraiser II GIS Specialist -- Property Tax Assessor GIS State Coordinator Assistant Assessor Real Estate Health Officer GIS Assistant Director of Community Development Information Systems Director Assistant Planning Director IT Director Auditor Land Information Officer Biological Scientist Land Records Manager Cadastral Industry Manager Landscape Modeler Hydrologist Cadastral Planner Management Information System, GIS Director Cadastral Surveyor Mapping Supervisor Cartographer Planner-GIS Coordinator Chief County Assessment Officer Program Manager Chief Technical Officer Property Lister County Auditor Real Property Lister County Surveyor Register of Deeds Director of Information Technology (IT)
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From page 44... ...
are much the same as those outlined by the panel in 1983, the clearly identified needs relating to disaster preparedness and response bring a new sense of urgency to the issue. The following sections summarize the information learned from these information-gathering processes about the needs for and benefits of national land parcel data at the present time to the various groups listed in Box 3.1.
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From page 45... ...
Each of these needs relates directly to parcel data being maintained by local governments. Representatives from the Census Bureau reported at the Land Parcel Summit that parcel data are critical for determination of boundaries of incorporated areas.
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From page 46... ...
While this will allow the federal government to know something about the land it owns, it still excludes public domain and other land. The Office of the Special Trustee for American Indians manages trust and allotment land records across the country; at the Land Parcel Summit, the representative from that office told the committee he felt that local reservations needed better control of their own land records to support needed economic development.
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From page 47... ...
In 2006, HUD was tasked by Congress with developing long-term housing assistance to Gulf Coast communities attempting to rebuild after Hurricanes Katrina, Rita, and Wilma, to which it has responded by collecting parcel data in the impacted communities. The existence of national land parcel data would provide HUD with data it needs for effective management of grants and would have avoided the critical time wasted gathering parcel data piecemeal in the wake of these recent hurricanes.
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From page 48... ...
Therefore, it is clear that parcel data are vital to emergency management operations. The development of national, integrated land parcel data is necessary if DHS is to utilize parcel data effectively.
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From page 49... ...
As all of these examples show, federal agencies have a multitude of mission requirements that rely on parcel data for effective management or operations. The federal government has the largest need for nationally integrated land parcel data because it is the largest land manager in the United States.
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From page 50... ...
The same case could be made for nationally integrated land parcel data. As shown in the previous section, the federal government has many business needs for national data, but there would be benefits to state and local governments as well.
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From page 51... ...
(Comment from web forum: Mike Juvrud, Programmer, Mud Labs) Above and beyond the benefits listed above, however, having nationally integrated land parcel data would improve the functioning of the federal government, which would allow it to better support state and local governments in terms of distribution of federal grant money, federal support for emergency management, and better management of federal lands located throughout the country.
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From page 52... ...
Firms involved with the real estate market are users of parcel data, but a representative from the National Association of Realtors at the Land Parcel Summit indicated that there is not a consistent trend in the demand for parcel data and few of its members actually produce or purchase parcel data. However, the representative from Zillow at the Land Parcel Data Summit indicated that his company was aggressively acquiring parcel data across the country to support its website, which makes estimates of property values.
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From page 53... ...
However, better land parcel data from the public sector would also streamline the private agency processes and reduce the costs of acquiring data. While it has been beneficial for many private firms to create their own land parcel data systems, it has not been cost-effective to produce data sets that are complete in all locations across the nation.
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From page 54... ...
, but increasingly access is provided via web mapping services where the user accesses required data as needed from the county website. In order to understand how private citizens would benefit from national land parcel data, it is useful to compare the U.S.
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From page 55... ...
Therefore, the development of nationally integrated land parcel data could provide private citizens with the benefits of increased access to property data and lower property transaction costs. Private citizens also benefit as a whole from the increased efficiency of government that would result from national data -- for example, more effective emergency response operations.
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From page 56... ...
Ltd.) Currently municipalities and counties with 17th-century land records systems are systematically crippled in their ability to administer taxation equitably, conserve their natural resources, plan for rational growth, and educate their students in geospatial technologies.
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