Earth Observations from Space The First 50 Years of Scientific Achievements (2008) / Chapter Skim
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6 Hydrology
6 Hydrology
Pages 50-57
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From page 50... ...
At the same time, some important hydrologic TRMM's instruments include a microwave imager, a measurements are not yet available from space, such as visible and infrared scanner, and a lightning imaging sensor snow water equivalent in mountainous areas, soil moisture, all on the same platform along with the first-ever precipitaand procedures to estimate evapotranspiration from remote tion radar in space. The suite of instruments on TRMM sensing.
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From page 51... ...
An additional property measured from MODIS is snow SEASONAL SNOW COVER albedo. In the current generation of climate and snow Of the seasonal changes that occur on Earth's land sur- melt models, snow albedo is typically either prescribed face, perhaps the most profound is the accumulation and melt or represented by empirical aging functions, when truly it of seasonal snow cover.
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From page 52... ...
Analysis of TRMM precipitation radar data has been used to discover orographic precipitation processes and diurnal cycles of rainfall causing flash floods in headwater streams (Barros et al.
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From page 53... ...
Remotely sensed albedo typically differed a "mixed-pixel" problem because the sensor may measure by 20 percent from albedo estimated using a common snow radiance reflected from snow, rock, soil, and vegetation. To age-based empirical relation applied uniformly across the use the snow characteristics in hydrologic models, snow domain.
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From page 54... ...
The now-vanished major river systance in each wavelength band, but given its physical char- tems that carved these large valleys probably accomplished acteristics such as grain size and amount and composition of most of the erosional stripping of this extraordinarily flat, impurities, a snow end member can be chosen that results in arid region. Stone Age artifacts associated with soils in the the lowest error in the solution of the simultaneous equations alluvium suggested areas that may have been sites of early (Painter et al.
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From page 55... ...
(2004) use GRACE data to compare ground water storage with a hydrologic model in the Mississippi and Amazon River basins and in the drainage flowing into the Bay of Bengal (Figure 6.5)
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From page 56... ...
, surface water area, the elevation and slope of the water surface, and accurate hydrologic models is required to meet this chal lenge. Although attempts to estimate soil moisture from the AMSR-E sensor have been made, they are only at the early experimental stage.
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From page 57... ...
Blue areas on the map represent water within the mapped tiles, each of which includes shorelines or islands. SOURCE: NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
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