Alternative Agriculture (1989) / Chapter Skim
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9 Integrated Pest Management in Processing Tomatoes in California: The Kitamura Farm
9 Integrated Pest Management in Processing Tomatoes in California: The Kitamura Farm
Pages 374-387
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From page 374... ...
Both David and Diann Kitamura are trained in IPM pest scouting, and they have been participating in the University of California IPM program for tomatoes since 1984. Climate The climate in the area surrounding the Kitamura Farm is hot and dry during the summer with coo]
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From page 375... ...
. Financial performance The farm had an estimated cost savings of $7,297 in 1986 through reduced pesticide use from IPM pest scouting done by the farmer.
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From page 376... ...
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From page 377... ...
During one year when rain was forecast, however, they hired a custom operator to assist with the harvest to prevent the loss of the crop. MANAGEMENT FEATURES Processing tomatoes are planted in stages, organized in cooperation with the processor with whom the grower has a marketing contract.
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From page 378... ...
It also discusses management guidelines, preferred pesticides, natural parasites and predators, analysis of their life cycles, biological controls monitoring procedures, and other essential information. In its initial stage this IPM program was tested on about 2,000 acres of processing tomatoes in the Sacramento Valley in northern California (L.
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From page 379... ...
IPM emphasizes preventive methods that produce economical, long-term solutions to pest problems while minimizing hazards to human health and the environment (University of California, 1985~. The prominent insect pests in tomatoes in CaTifornia include cutworms, flea beetles, green peach aphids, potato aphids, tomato russet mites, cabbage loopers, vegetable leafminers, tomato fruitworms, beet army worms, tomato pinworms, and stink bugs.
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From page 380... ...
Weed control is an essential part of general pest control. Keeping weed populations low along field borders helps prevent infestations of pests including weeds, insects, and vertebrates (University of California, 1985~.
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From page 381... ...
Their results show that, on average, the use of IPM in processing tomatoes will both increase income and reduce the risk of crop damage and loss. Fields in the IPM program had 39.5 percent lower average worm damage (significant at the 1 percent level)
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From page 382... ...
The Kitamuras decided to extend this dry period to 40 days in the hope of further reducing mold damage while maintaining high yields. Their plan was successful: even though the tomato plants appeared to be stressed by lack of moisture during a field visit at harvest time, the yield was the highest the Kitamuras have had since they began producing tomatoes in 1970.
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From page 383... ...
His wife, Diann, is a licensed pest control adviser. David Kitamura and his brother do most of their own mechanical work on the farm equipment, usually during stack time in the winter.
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From page 384... ...
This estimate is comparable to the county average per acre cost of pest control and is based on following a conventional pesticidebased control program using manufacturers' recommended application rates. The Kitamuras reported spending a total of $1,482 on pest control, with a savings of $7,318 an average of $45.73 per acre.
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From page 385... ...
THE KITAMURA FARM TABLE 4 Pesticide Application Reported on Tomatoes in California, 1984 385 Number of Pounds Acres or Units Chemical Applicationts) Applied Treated Type Number of Pounds Acres or Units Chemical Applicationts)
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From page 386... ...
111~ Ill most prevalent pesticide was fenvalerate; 1,804 applications were made, for a total of 24,865 pounds on 125,000 acres (Table 4~. The success of the Kitamuras' IPM practices in avoiding crop losses,
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From page 387... ...
1983. Monitoring for fruit damage in processing tomatoes: Use of a dynamic sequential sampling plan.
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