Agriculture, Forestry, and Fishing Research at NIOSH Reviews of Research Programs of the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (2008) / Chapter Skim
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8 Review of Outreach Activities: Knowledge Diffusion and Technology Transfer
8 Review of Outreach Activities: Knowledge Diffusion and Technology Transfer
Pages 124-139
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From page 124... ...
In the evidence package (NIOSH, 2006a) , the AFF Program provides examples of activities, outputs, intermediate outcomes, and impacts that reflect the results of the translation of knowledge and its transfer to diverse audiences and the implementation of recommendations.
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From page 125... ...
The logic model starts with the identification of the problems, knowledge gaps, and documentation of areas of severe or significant mortality, morbidity, and injuries. NIOSH identifies them in the opening chapters of the evidence package, but the evidence package often does not connect the materials to the goal of knowledge diffusion and technology transfer.
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From page 126... ...
FIGURE 8-1 Knowledge diffusion and technology transfer logic submodel. FACE = Fatality Assessment and Control Evaluation, FTE = full-time equivalent, NAGCAT = North American Guidelines for Children's Agricultural Tasks, ROPS = rollover protective structure.
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From page 127... ...
An excellent example from the evidence package is the safety inspection and training associated with the fisheries program, in which the application of all three mechanisms to the fisheries industry led to a substantial reduction in boating a ccidents and loss of fishermen. Another excellent example of such a logic model is exhibited in the Pacific Northwest Agricultural Safety and Health (PNASH)
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From page 128... ...
In the evidence package, NIOSH reviewed the following major interventions: • Agricultural health and agricultural safety promotion systems (1990 1993) • Occupational Health Nurses in Agricultural Communities (1990-1996)
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From page 129... ...
The evidence package provides examples of program efforts over the last 15 years and, most recently, new intervention research associated with the rollover protective structure (ROPS) program in 23 states.
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From page 130... ...
, NIOSH staff worked with the Agricultural Centers Evaluation team to define categories of "research to practice" (r2p) to illustrate various methods of moving results of projects into use by others.
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From page 131... ...
The transfer of knowledge through improved technology is shown by the new ROPS technology and seatbelts on tractors, the winch shutoff on fishing boats, and monitoring sensors. Examples of improvements by engineering include machine guards on hay balers and the ergonomic apple bag; by administrative intervention, the requirement that fishermen wear personal flotation devices; and by protective equipment and clothing, the use of safety glasses.
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From page 132... ...
There is no evidence of an evaluation of the impact and outcomes of the effort, but several long-term evaluation studies are proposed or under way. Pacific Northwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center The Pacific Northwest Agricultural Safety and Health Center (PNASH, http:// depts.washington.edu/pnash/)
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From page 133... ...
NIOSH funding for the Midwest Center ended in 2002, and information about the center was not provided in the evidence package. Great Lakes Center for Agricultural Safety and Health The Great Lakes Center for Agricultural Safety and Health (http://www.
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From page 134... ...
The focus was primarily on musculoskeletal injuries, hearing loss, and other ergonomic injuries. The center provided considerable outreach and knowledge transfer, including the newly devel oped ergonomic apple bag for migrant workers, the ROPS program, and extensive safety training and health screening.
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From page 135... ...
The center looked at selected agricultural injury surveillance activities among African-American farmers and ranchers and among agricultural workers with work permits, arthropod allergens in large-scale swine production, and development of farm safety teams composed of high school students. It put in place a timber-medic training program to assist emergency medical technicians working with injuries in the forests and on Christmas-tree farms.
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From page 136... ...
The AgriSafe Network provided ongoing agricultural occupational safety and health education for health professionals. Great Plains Center reports are clearly presented using the logic model.
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From page 137... ...
Deep-South Center for Agricultural Disease and Injury Research, Education, and Prevention The Deep-South Center for Agricultural Disease and Injury Research, Education, and Prevention -- located at the University of South Florida in Tampa -- served the target populations of Alabama, Florida, and Mississippi. The Deep-South Center focused research on safety and health problems of special agricultural populations in the region including minority, migrant, and low-income farmers and farm workers.
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From page 138... ...
They used diverse communication methods specific to audiences -- Hispanic children, parents, farm workers. A ma jor success story is the Keokuk County project, in which Center staff conducted multiple interventions including a 700-farm family and community partnership for a health training (Keokuk County)
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From page 139... ...
Immigrant workers clearly have different cultural views of safety and disease that need to be assessed if culturally relevant information is to be provided. Farmers, ranchers, fishermen, and loggers similarly have specialized cultural contexts related to perceptions of risk and safety practices that influence adoption of new practices (Morgan et al., 2002; Freeman et al., 2003; Helmkamp et al., 2004; Effland, 2005)
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