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4 Problems Arising from the Implementation of International Traffic in Arms Regulations
Pages 16-19

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From page 16...
... Participants noted that advances in space science benefit substantially from the diversity and expertise of foreign researchers at universities and national laboratories and from academe's open environment for the exchange of information. However, ITAR requirements pose obstacles for The point is also emphasized in a new National Research Council report, Science and Security in a Post 9/11 World: A Report Based on Regional Discussions Between the Science and Security Communities (The National Academies Press, Washington, D.C., 2007)
From page 17...
... Participants believe that ITAR constraints compromise the capabilities and scientific return of individual space missions by making it difficult for mission science teams to take advantage of the best skills and resources in participating partners' countries. For example, teams involved in international projects often devise less-than-optimal spacecraft test plans that minimize the exchange of information rather than maximize the chances of mission success, thereby compromising instrument development and testing.
From page 18...
... That requirement creates a significant unfunded mandate for universities, because they operate with capped overhead costs and must cover the added cost of administering ITAR requirements within an already-tight envelope. Elements of the cost at universities include programs to educate contracting and grants officers and faculty members about ITAR requirements and processes, satisfactorily documenting situations in which a university seeks to operate within the fundamental-research exclusion, supporting negotiations with State Department officials for approvals for exports and interactions with non-U.S.
From page 19...
... A typical spaceflight project might have a science team led from a university, collaborating team members in other U.S. and foreign institutions, an aerospace-industry partner, and a national-laboratory partner or overseer (such as the California Institute of Technology Jet Propulsion Laboratory or the Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory)


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