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Inspired by Biology From Molecules to Materials to Machines (2008) / Chapter Skim
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Appendix D: Glossary
Pages 149-154

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From page 149...
... It is produced as an energy source during the processes of photosynthesis and cellular respiration and consumed by many enzymes and a multitude of cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. adenosine triphosphatase (ATPase)
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From page 150...
... Brownian motion: Random movement of particles suspended in a fluid or the mathematical model used to describe such random movements. cell signaling: Part of a complex system of communication that governs basic c ­ ellular activities and coordinates cell actions.
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From page 151...
... The amount and wavelength of the emitted energy depend on both the fluorophore and the chemical environment of the fluorophore. foldamer: Discrete chain molecule or oligomer that adopts a secondary structure stabilized by noncovalent interactions.
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From page 152...
... It is one of the components of the cytoskeleton, serves as a structural compo nent within cells, and is involved in many cellular processes, including mitosis, c ­ ytokinesis, and vesicular transport. molecular motor: Biological molecular machine that consumes energy in one form and converts it into motion or mechanical work; for example, many protein-based molecular motors harness the chemical free energy released by the hydrolysis of ATP in order to perform mechanical work.
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From page 153...
... polymersome: Bilayered membranes of amphiphilic synthetic polymers. Polymer somes exhibit increased stability and reduced permeability compared to natural liposomes.
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From page 154...
... T cells can be distinguished from other lymphocyte types, such as B cells and NK cells, by the presence of a special receptor on their cell surface that is called the T cell receptor (TCR)
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Key Terms

  • valence band
  • energy source
  • synthetic polymers
  • band electrons
  • white blood

  • nucleic acids
  • free energy
  • band holes
  • adenosine triphosphate
  • cell division

  • magnetic moment
  • cellular functions
  • cellular processes
  • magnetic field
  • relative molecular

  • stiffen existing
  • rapidly change
  • polypeptide chains
  • messenger rna
  • transports chemical

  • form based
  • cytotoxic lymphocyte
  • living organisms
  • nuclear magnetic
  • evolution described

  • adenosine diphosphate
  • change orientation
  • molecular environment
  • main energy
  • chain molecule


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