Inspired by Biology From Molecules to Materials to Machines (2008) / Chapter Skim
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1 Introduction
1 Introduction
Pages 5-9
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Scientific understanding of how systems behave far from equilibrium, how complex systems are controlled via feedback regulation, how they exploit or avoid stochastic effects, and the nature of intermolecular forces remains primitive. Their elucidation would greatly help in the development of biomolecular materials.
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Even our understanding of electrostatics and solvation, the underlying forces that govern the action and interaction of charged molecules in polar media, still relies on decades-old approximations or on lessons from necessarily simplified computer simulations. Until all such forces can be accurately computed and com bined, scientists will not have a detailed understanding of the action of water and simple ions on intricately constructed macromolecules, much less of the more complex interactions that occur in biological systems.
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Now that we are able to measure force and motion at the molecular level and now that the structure of the component proteins has been resolved, it may soon be possible to mimic these living structure and motility systems to create robust artificial devices such as molecular sorters, filters, concentrators, switches, and power sources. Health and Medicine Clinical Diagnostics The ability to diagnose major diseases has improved dramatically in the past two decades.
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Materials with Information Content Modern polymeric materials serve mainly structural purposes -- as plastics, clothing, paints and surface coverings, for example. They are mainly composed of repeats of a single type of monomer unit.
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Such advances would include ways to sample configuration space and dynamic rare events, efficient algorithms for stochastic simulation of spatially resolved cooperative dynamic events, and the creation of a fundamental theory of systems far from equilibrium. Chemical Synthesis Researchers have achieved great mastery over small-molecule organic synthesis and characterization.
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