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Desalination A National Perspective (2008) / Chapter Skim
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Glossary
Pages 262-268

The Chapter Skim interface presents what we've algorithmically identified as the most significant single chunk of text within every page in the chapter.
Select key terms on the right to highlight them within pages of the chapter.


From page 262...
... Available energy -- Mechanical, electrical energy, or any other energy, which in practice can be nearly completely converted into mechanical work. Basic research -- Systematic study directed toward fuller knowledge or understanding of the fundamental aspects of phenomena and of observable facts without specific applications towards processes or products in mind.
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From page 263...
... Design-Build (DB) -- A delivery approach characterized by a single contractual relationship between the public water provider and a contractor, who develops the project design and oversees its construction.
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From page 264...
... Forward osmosis -- A membrane-based separation process which uses osmotic pressure difference between a concentrated "draw" solution and a feed stream to drive water through a semi-permeable membrane. Fouling -- The reduction in performance of process equipment (heat transfer tubing, membranes, etc.)
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From page 265...
... Land subsidence -- A gradual settling or sudden sinking of the Earth's surface owing to subsurface movement of earth materials, sometimes caused by groundwater withdrawal. Louvers -- A series of vertical panels placed perpendicular to the intake approach flow that serve to create a new velocity field that carries fish away from the intake and towards a fish bypass system.
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From page 266...
... Recovery -- In reverse osmosis processes, recovery indicates the amount/percentage of product water recovered from the feed stream.
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From page 267...
... Subsurface intakes -- Where feedwater is taken from below the floor of the ocean using natural occurring sand and geologic formations to provide filtration. Subsurface intakes can be horizontally drilled from central wells, slant-drilled from onshore beaches, or constructed infiltration beds.
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From page 268...
... -- Thermal desalination processes that utilize heat from compression of water vapor for subsequent evaporation of feedwater, either with a mechanical compressor (mechanical vapor compression, MVC) or a steam ejector (thermal vapor compression, TVC)
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Key Terms

  • product water
  • desalination process
  • dissolved solids
  • saline water
  • water produced

  • heat transfer
  • reverse osmosis
  • membranes operate
  • desalination processes
  • suspended solids

  • molecular weight
  • electric field
  • remove suspended
  • source water
  • suspended particles

  • compression evaporation
  • mechanical vapor
  • thermal vapor
  • concentrate management
  • thermal desalination

  • delivery approach
  • feed stream
  • weight cut
  • osmotic pressure
  • sieving mechanism

  • lower pressure
  • dissolved salts
  • electrodialysis reversal
  • rate naturally
  • pure water


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