Microgravity Research Opportunities for the 1990s (1995) / Chapter Skim
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Microgravity Research Opportunities for the 1990s: Appendix A
Microgravity Research Opportunities for the 1990s: Appendix A
Pages 141-149
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From page 141... ...
NOTICE MEMBERSHIP Austenite: The high-temperature phase in steel consisting of carbon dissolved in PREFACE face-centered cubic iron. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY PART I CHAPTER 1 Batch technique: One of several strategies for crystallization in which a CHAPTER 2 supersaturated condition for one dissolved component is established by mixing PART II solutions and other additives into a single batch solution.
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From page 142... ...
Coercivity: The magnitude of the magnetic field intensity required to reverse the magnetic induction from one state of magnetization to its opposing orientation. Commercial enzymes: Although biological materials have been used in generating products of commercial value for centuries, in recent times the sources of the utility of some of these materials have been identified as enzymes, an example of which is rennin, an enzyme used in commercial cheese production.
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From page 143... ...
Czochralski method: A technique for effecting bulk crystal growth in which a "seed" crystal grows by its gradual withdrawal from a stationary melt phase. Dendritic: A branched, tree-like, form of crystal growth, commonly occurring in the solidification of metals and alloys during casting and welding.
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From page 144... ...
Eutectic: A thermodynamic reaction in which a liquid transforms into two solid phases upon cooling. Fermentation: A process involving enzymatically controlled breakdown of nutrients in the absence of air by living organisms such as yeast.
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From page 145... ...
Communication occurs most commonly by chemical means and involves the interactions of a bewildering variety of secreted chemicals with specific cellular receptors. Intermetallic: Referring to phases of nearly fixed atomic proportions, usually exhibiting limited mutual solubility, and occurring away from the ends of the phase diagram.
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From page 146... ...
Monotectic: A thermodynamic reaction in which a liquid alloy, upon cooling, separates into a new liquid phase and a crystalline phase. Nanomaterials: Generic designation of bulk solid and thin film materials prepared by special processing methods to consist of ultrafine crystallites with diameters of less than 10-8 m.
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From page 147... ...
Peptide: Part or all of a protein. Any chemical entity including a peptide bond (i.e., a bond joining amino and carboxylate groups by elimination of a water molecule)
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From page 148... ...
Proteins: Heterogeneous linear polymers of amino acids connected by peptide bonds in sequences specified by the genetic messages encoded in DNA. In aqueous environments, these molecules typically adopt characteristic three dimensional folded structures that endow them with the properties required for the functions they perform.
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From page 149... ...
Thermosolutal: Referring to combined convection effects arising from density gradients associated with alloy additions and temperature. Virus: One of a complex variety of parasitic particles capable of replicating itself by infection of a host cell and consisting in its simplest form of an RNA or DNA genome surrounded by a coat of viral protein.
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